活 ⇒
生活 shēnghuó, life/activity/to live/livelihood
活 huó, to live/alive/living/work/workmanship
活动 huódòng, [活動], to exercise/to move about/to operate/to use connections (personal influence)/loo...
干活 gànhuó, [幹活], to work/to be employed
活力 huólì, energy/vitality/vigor/vital force
活儿 huór, [活兒], work/(lots of) things to do
复活 fùhuó, [復活], to revive/(lit. and fig.) to come back to life/(religion) resurrection
性生活 xìngshēnghuó, sex life
活该 huógāi, [活該], (coll.) serve sb right/deservedly/ought/should
激活 jīhuó, to activate
活跃 huóyuè, [活躍], active/lively/excited/to enliven/to brighten up
活生生 huóshēngshēng, real (people)/living (artist)/while still alive (e.g. skinned alive)
存活 cúnhuó, to survive (a serious accident)/survival
养活 yǎnghuo, [養活], to provide for/to keep (animals, a family etc)/to raise animals/to feed and clot...
活命 huómìng, life/to survive/to save a life/to scrape a living
复活节 Fùhuójié, [復活節], Easter
私生活 sīshēnghuó, private life
活泼 huópo, [活潑], lively/vivacious/brisk/active/(chemistry) reactive
灵活 línghuó, [靈活], flexible/nimble/agile
快活 kuàihuo, happy/cheerful
活人 huórén, living person
活活 huóhuó, while still alive/simply/totally
死活 sǐhuó, life or death/fate/no matter what/anyway/for the life of me
救活 jiùhuó, to bring back to life
活埋 huómái, to bury alive
忙活 mánghuo, to be really busy/pressing business
活口 活捉 活塞 huósāi, piston/valve
鲜活 xiānhuó, [鮮活], vivid/lively/(of food ingredients) live or fresh
活性 huóxìng, (chemistry) activity/active/activated
活蹦乱跳 huóbèngluàntiào, [活蹦亂跳], to leap and frisk about (idiom); lively/healthy and active
生活费 shēnghuófèi, [生活費], cost of living/living expenses/alimony
生吞活剥 shēngtūnhuóbō, [生吞活剝], to swallow whole (idiom); fig. to apply uncritically
生龙活虎 shēnglónghuóhǔ, [生龍活虎], lit. lively dragon and animated tiger (idiom)/fig. vigorous and lively
你死我活 nǐsǐwǒhuó, lit. you die, I live (idiom); irreconcilable adversaries/two parties cannot coex...
夜生活 yèshēnghuó, night life
绝活 juéhuó, [絕活], specialty/unique skill
活宝 huóbǎo, [活寶], buffoon/clown/ridiculous person
死去活来 sǐqùhuólái, [死去活來], to hover between life and death (idiom)/to suffer terribly/within an inch of one...
活门 huómén, [活門], valve
活像 huóxiàng, to look exactly like/to be the spitting image of
活物 huówù, living animals
半死不活 家务活 累活 活计 huójì, [活計], handicraft/needlework/work
干活儿 gànhuór, [幹活兒], erhua variant of 幹活|干活[gàn huó]
灵活性 línghuóxìng, [靈活性], flexibility
拼死拼活 pīnsǐpīnhuó, one's utmost/(to fight or work) desperately hard/to put up a life or death strug...
针线活 zhēnxiànhuó, [針線活], needlework/sewing
农活 nónghuó, [農活], farm work
活灵活现 huólínghuóxiàn, [活靈活現], living spirit, living image (idiom); true to life/vivid and realistic
苟活 活路 huólù/huólu, through road/way out/way to survive/means of subsistence, labor/physical work
成活 chénghuó, to survive
杂活 záhuó, [雜活], odd jobs
活动室 活到老 重活 zhònghuó, heavy job
肺活量 fèihuóliàng, (medicine) vital capacity
活动房 huódòngfáng, [活動房], prefabricated building/prefab
活性炭 huóxìngtàn, activated carbon
活动家 huódòngjiā, [活動家], activist
脏活 生活会 活脱脱 huótuōtuō, [活脫脫], remarkably alike
活页夹 活结 huójié, [活結], a slip-knot/a noose
神气活现 shénqìhuóxiàn, [神氣活現], arrogant appearance/smug appearance/to act condescending/to put on airs
活页 粗活 cūhuó, unskilled labor/heavy manual work
做活 zuòhuó, to work for a living (esp. of woman needleworker)/life of a group of stones in G...
活动性 活靶 存活率 cúnhuólǜ, (med.) survival rate/(med.) recovery rate
活水 活佛 huófó, Living Buddha/title of Mongolian Lamas from 17th century
轻活 活火山 huóhuǒshān, active volcano
激活剂 复活节岛 FùhuójiéDǎo, [復活節島], Easter Island
苦活 kǔhuó, bitter work/sweated labor
零活 社会活动 shèhuìhuódòng, [社會活動], social activity
活期 huóqī, (banking) current (account)/checking (account)/demand (deposit etc)
罗复活 不顾死活 搞活 gǎohuó, to enliven/to invigorate/to revitalize
活菩萨 huópúsà, [活菩薩], a living Buddha/fig. compassionate person/saint
活动日 活化石 huóhuàshí, living fossil
活络 活气 huóqì, [活氣], spirited atmosphere
细活 成活率 chénghuólǜ, survival rate/rate of success
用活 出活 chūhuó, to finish a job on time/to produce the goods
揽活 路复活 活地狱 活动靶 手活 shǒuhuó, manipulation (e.g. ball handling in sport)/hand job
力气活 活食 子复活 生活区 交活 盘活 生活化 活版 huóbǎn, typography/movable type
生活版 活塞杆
性 ⇒
性 xìng, nature/character/property/quality/attribute/sexuality/sex/gender/suffix forming ...
同性恋 tóngxìngliàn, [同性戀], homosexuality/gay person/gay love
性感 xìnggǎn, sex appeal/eroticism/sexuality/sexy
女性 nǚxìng, woman/the female sex
个性 gèxìng, [個性], individuality/personality
男性 nánxìng, the male sex/a male
可能性 kěnéngxìng, possibility/probability
性爱 xìngài, [性愛], sex/lovemaking
性格 xìnggé, nature/disposition/temperament/character/CL:個|个[gè]
性命 xìngmìng, life
人性 rénxìng, human nature/humanity/human/the totality of human attributes
异性 yìxìng, [異性], the opposite sex/of the opposite sex/heterosexual/different in nature
性骚扰 xìngsāorǎo, [性騷擾], sexual harassment
本性 běnxìng, natural instincts/nature/inherent quality
性生活 xìngshēnghuó, sex life
性关系 xìngguānxi, [性關係], sexual relations/sexual contact/intercourse
性交 xìngjiāo, sexual intercourse
性行为 xìngxíngwéi, [性行為], sexual behavior
性别 xìngbié, [性別], gender/sex
理性 lǐxìng, reason/rationality/rational
阳性 yángxìng, [陽性], positive/masculine
性欲 xìngyù, [性慾], sexual desire/lust
天性 tiānxìng, nature/innate tendency
戏剧性 xìjùxìng, [戲劇性], dramatic
毒性 dúxìng, toxicity
阴性 yīnxìng, [陰性], negative/feminine
变性 biànxìng, [變性], to denature/denaturation/to have a sex change/transsexual
重要性 zhòngyàoxìng, importance
一次性 yīcìxìng, one-off (offer)/one-time/single-use/disposable (goods)
性质 xìngzhì, [性質], nature/characteristic/CL:個|个[gè]
感性 gǎnxìng, perception/perceptual/sensibility/sensitive/emotional/sentimental
同性 tóngxìng, same nature/homosexual
放射性 fàngshèxìng, radioactive
攻击性 创造性 chuàngzàoxìng, [創造性], creativeness/creativity
挑战性 性病 xìngbìng, sexually transmitted disease/venereal disease
记性 jìxing, [記性], memory (ability to retain information)
永久性 yǒngjiǔxìng, permanent
弹性 tánxìng, [彈性], flexibility/elasticity
野性 yěxìng, wild nature/unruliness
任性 rènxìng, willful/headstrong/unruly
历史性 lìshǐxìng, [歷史性], historic
急性 jíxìng, acute
标志性 biāozhìxìng, [標誌性], iconic
决定性 juédìngxìng, [決定性], decisive/conclusive
暂时性 特性 tèxìng, property/characteristic
危险性 慢性 mànxìng, slow and patient/chronic (disease)/slow to take effect (e.g. a slow poison)
雄性 xióngxìng, male
杀伤性 建设性 jiànshèxìng, [建設性], constructive/constructiveness
毁灭性 huǐmièxìng, [毀滅性], destructive/devastating
恶性 èxìng, [惡性], malignant/wicked/vicious (circle)/producing evil/rapid (decline)/runaway (inflat...
性能 xìngnéng, function/performance
娱乐性 真实性 zhēnshíxìng, [真實性], authenticity/truthfulness/veracity/reality/validity
严重性 yánzhòngxìng, [嚴重性], seriousness
性情 xìngqíng, nature/temperament
全国性 quánguóxìng, [全國性], national
耐性 nàixìng, patience/endurance
爆炸性 bàozhàxìng, explosive/fig. shocking
雌性 cíxìng, female
磁性 cíxìng, magnetic/magnetism
真性 zhēnxìng, real/the nature of sth
活性 huóxìng, (chemistry) activity/active/activated
保护性 bǎohùxìng, [保護性], protective
象征性 xiàngzhēngxìng, [象徵性], symbolic/emblem/token
实验性 母性 性子 xìngzi, temper
破坏性 pòhuàixìng, [破壞性], destructive
传染性 chuánrǎnxìng, [傳染性], infectious/epidemic
灵性 língxìng, [靈性], spiritual nature/spirituality/intelligence (esp. in animals)
兽性 shòuxìng, [獸性], brutal
血性 xuèxìng, brave/staunch/unyielding
先天性 xiāntiānxìng, congenital/intrinsic/innateness
神经性 shénjīngxìng, [神經性], neural/mental/neurological
全球性 quánqiúxìng, global/worldwide
性高潮 xìnggāocháo, orgasm/climax
无性 wúxìng, [無性], sexless/asexual (reproduction)
强制性 多样性 duōyàngxìng, [多樣性], variegation/diversity
女性化 nǚxìnghuà, to feminize/feminization
选择性 xuǎnzéxìng, [選擇性], selective/selectiveness/selectivity
安全性 ānquánxìng, security/safety
革命性 gémìngxìng, revolutionary
实质性 shízhìxìng, [實質性], substantive/substantial/material/considerable
可行性 kěxíngxìng, feasibility
两性 liǎngxìng, [兩性], male and female/both types (acid and alkaline, positive and negative etc)/(chemi...
良性 liángxìng, positive (in its effect)/leading to good consequences/virtuous/(medicine) benign...
惯性 guànxìng, [慣性], (physics) inertia/(fig.) force of habit/tendency to do things in the accustomed ...
生性 shēngxìng, natural disposition
完整性 wánzhěngxìng, integrity/completeness
艺术性 确定性 quèdìngxìng, [確定性], determinacy
烈性 lièxìng, strong/intense/spirited/virulent
急性子 jíxìngzi, impetuous person/excitable person
索性 suǒxìng, you might as well (do it)/simply/just
过敏性 guòmǐnxìng, [過敏性], hypersensitive/allergic reaction/anaphylaxis
习惯性 xíguànxìng, [習慣性], customary
争议性 zhēngyìxìng, [爭議性], controversial
水性 shuǐxìng, swimming ability/characteristics of a body of water (depth, currents etc)/aqueou...
男性化 nánxìnghuà, to masculinize/masculinization
煽动性 shāndòngxìng, [煽動性], provocative
定性 dìngxìng, to determine the nature (usually of error or crime)/to determine chemical compos...
代表性 dàibiǎoxìng, representativeness/representative/typical
悲剧性 bēijùxìng, [悲劇性], tragic
柔韧性 合理性 hélǐxìng, reason/rationality/rationale/reasonableness
启发性 隐性 yǐnxìng, [隱性], hidden/crypto-/recessive (gene)
人性化 中性 zhōngxìng, neutral
稳定性 wěndìngxìng, [穩定性], stability
观赏性 习性 xíxìng, [習性], character acquired through long habit/habits and properties
药性 国际性 guójìxìng, [國際性], international/internationalism
线性 xiànxìng, [線性], linear/linearity
酸性 suānxìng, acidity
合法性 héfǎxìng, legitimacy
连续性 liánxùxìng, [連續性], continuity
性器官 xìngqìguān, sexual organ
季节性 jìjiéxìng, [季節性], seasonal
灵活性 línghuóxìng, [靈活性], flexibility
惩罚性 chéngfáxìng, [懲罰性], punitive
功能性 gōngnéngxìng, functionality
性急 xìngjí, impatient
属性 shǔxìng, [屬性], attribute/property
复杂性 fùzáxìng, [複雜性], complexity
恶性肿瘤 èxìngzhǒngliú, [惡性腫瘤], malignant tumor
突破性 自发性 技术性 jìshùxìng, [技術性], technical/technological
组织性 准确性 zhǔnquèxìng, [準確性], accuracy
恶性循环 èxìngxúnhuán, [惡性循環], vicious circle
开放性 kāifàngxìng, [開放性], openness
可塑性 kěsùxìng, plasticity
共性 gòngxìng, overall character
传奇性 性激素 xìngjīsù, sex hormone
专业性 zhuānyèxìng, [專業性], professionalism/expertise
腐蚀性 fǔshíxìng, [腐蝕性], (lit. and fig.) corrosive/corrosiveness
遗传性 yíchuánxìng, [遺傳性], hereditary/inherited/genetic
关键性 品性 pǐnxìng, nature/characteristic/moral character
系统性 xìtǒngxìng, [系統性], systematic
独创性 dúchuàngxìng, [獨創性], innovative/ingenious/originality/ingenuity
适应性 shìyìngxìng, [適應性], adaptability/flexibility
非线性 fēixiànxìng, [非線性], nonlinear (math.)
流行性 liúxíngxìng, (of a disease) epidemic/qualities that make sth popular or fashionable
周期性 zhōuqīxìng, [週期性], periodic/periodicity (math)/cyclicity
两面性 针对性 zhēnduìxìng, [針對性], focus/direction/purpose/relevance
享受性 粘性 礼节性 主动性 战略性 zhànlüèxìng, [戰略性], strategic
可靠性 kěkàoxìng, reliability
韧性 rènxìng, [韌性], toughness
积极性 jījíxìng, [積極性], zeal/initiative/enthusiasm/activity
可信性 经常性 保密性 bǎomìxìng, secrecy
必要性 bìyàoxìng, necessity
战斗性 好性 免疫性 活性炭 huóxìngtàn, activated carbon
可比性 客观性 kèguānxìng, [客觀性], objectivity
预见性 重复性 chóngfùxìng, [重覆性], repetitive
个性化 gèxìnghuà, [個性化], to personalize/to customize/customization
世界性 政治性 zhèngzhìxìng, political
警惕性 jǐngtìxìng, vigilance/alertness
限制性 挥发性 huīfāxìng, [揮發性], volatility
依赖性 逻辑性 一致性 yīzhìxìng, consistency
极性 jíxìng, [極性], chemical polarity
正确性 食性 烈性酒 对抗性 duìkàngxìng, [對抗性], antagonistic
油性 竞争性 jìngzhēngxìng, [競爭性], competitive
前瞻性 qiánzhānxìng, farsightedness/perspicacity/prescience/forward-looking
危害性 wēihàixìng, harmfulness
临时性 两性人 秉性 bǐngxìng, innate character/natural disposition/attitude
刺激性 cìjīxìng, thrilling/exciting/stimulating/irritating/provocative/pungent/spicy
相关性 xiāngguānxìng, [相關性], correlation
学术性 有效性 yǒuxiàoxìng, validity
局限性 júxiànxìng, limitations/(medicine) localized
试探性 非理性 慢性病 mànxìngbìng, chronic disease
职业性 流动性 liúdòngxìng, [流動性], flowing/shifting/fluidity/mobility/liquidity (of funds)
单性 连贯性 突发性 性器 xìngqì, sex organ
高性能 gāoxìngnéng, high performance
持续性 综合性 zōnghéxìng, [綜合性], synthesis
诱导性 公正性 导电性 dǎodiànxìng, [導電性], conductivity (elec.)
惰性 duòxìng, inert (chemistry)/apathy/inertia/laziness
一般性 yībānxìng, general/generality
全身性 热塑性 精确性 碱性 jiǎnxìng, [鹼性], alkaline
服务性 对称性 duìchènxìng, [對稱性], symmetry
相似性 xiāngsìxìng, resemblance/similarity
侮辱性 压缩性 随机性 suíjīxìng, [隨機性], randomness/stochasticity
方向性 fāngxiàngxìng, directionality (molecular biology)
机动性 jīdòngxìng, [機動性], flexibility
性腺 xìngxiàn, gonad/sex gland
精神性 jīngshénxìng, spirituality/mental/nervous/psychogenic
可持续性 科学性 使性子 地区性 dìqūxìng, [地區性], regional/local
物性 特殊性 权威性 quánwēixìng, [權威性], authoritative/(having) authority
活动性 抗药性 kàngyàoxìng, [抗藥性], drug resistance (medicine)
偶然性 ǒuránxìng, chance/fortuity/serendipity
警觉性 性福 素性 趣味性 结构性 jiégòuxìng, [結構性], structural/structured
心性 xīnxìng, one's nature/temperament
装饰性 必然性 硬性 yìngxìng, rigid/inflexible/hard (drug)
柔性 róuxìng, flexibility
商业性 阶段性 jiēduànxìng, [階段性], specific to a particular stage (of a project etc)/interim (policy etc)/occurring...
塑性 sùxìng, plasticity
优越性 词性 cíxìng, [詞性], part of speech (noun, verb, adjective etc)/lexical category
直性子 原则性 yuánzéxìng, [原則性], principled
根本性 时效性 倾向性 qīngxiàngxìng, [傾向性], tendency/inclination/orientation
开创性 kāichuàngxìng, [開創性], innovative
忘性 wàngxìng, forgetfulness
自主性 挑逗性 tiǎodòuxìng, provocative/tantalizing/titillating
窦性 可溶性 kěróngxìng, solubility
排他性 普遍性 pǔbiànxìng, ubiquity/universality
经济性 批判性 集体性 区域性 qūyùxìng, [區域性], regional
显性 xiǎnxìng, [顯性], visible/conspicuous/phanero-/dominant (gene)
修身养性 变异性 可燃性 kěránxìng, flammable/flammability
恢复性 广泛性 灭绝人性 mièjuérénxìng, [滅絕人性], to be devoid of all humanity/inhuman/bestial
边缘性 假性 jiǎxìng, pseudo-
长期性 chángqīxìng, [長期性], long-term
独立性 性气 奴性 通性 老年性 描述性 探索性 tànsuǒxìng, exploratory
性奋 前沿性 唯一性 wéiyīxìng, uniqueness
典型性 风险性 冒险性 获得性 huòdéxìng, [獲得性], acquired (i.e. not inborn)
悟性 wùxìng, perception/wits/power of understanding/comprehension
公共性 延展性 yánzhǎnxìng, ductability
禀性 bǐngxìng, [稟性], natural disposition
掠夺性 歧视性 挑衅性 间断性 技巧性 专一性 刚性 gāngxìng, [剛性], rigidity
顽固性 劣根性 良性肿瘤 liángxìngzhǒngliú, [良性腫瘤], benign tumor
投机性 规律性 guīlǜxìng, [規律性], regular
反抗性 自觉性 脾性 黏性 niánxìng, stickiness/gluing strength/viscosity
非营利性 指导性 语言性 赢利性 文学性 体性 tǐxìng, [體性], disposition
计划性 三性 史诗性 shǐshīxìng, [史詩性], epic
统一性 tǒngyīxìng, [統一性], unity
二重性 èrchóngxìng, dualism/two sided/double nature
能动性 néngdòngxìng, [能動性], initiative/active role
反光性 欺诈性 隐蔽性 严肃性 性来 条理性 性状 xìngzhuàng, [性狀], nature (i.e. properties of sth)/character
爆裂性 吸水性 开拓性 kāituòxìng, [開拓性], pioneering/groundbreaking
性岩 社会性 shèhuìxìng, [社會性], social
情节性 可用性 性行 xìngxíng, sexual activity
可读性 参考性 珍贵性 可操作性 坚定性 jiāndìngxìng, [堅定性], firmness/steadfastness
夸张性 封闭性 fēngbìxìng, [封閉性], encapsulation
偶发性 气性 紧迫性 精密性 阶级性 迁移性 和性 随意性 表现性 鼓励性 良性瘤 功利性 德性真 现实性 操作性 公开性 窦性心 慢性子 mànxìngzi, slow-tempered/phlegmatic/a slowcoach
程序性 chéngxùxìng, program
主体性 片面性 太性 表演性 水溶性 shuǐróngxìng, soluble (in water)/solubility
实效性 或然性 延续性 完全性 威慑性 潜伏性 鼓动性 耐药性 nàiyàoxìng, [耐藥性], drug resistance/drug tolerance (medicine)
通俗性 展性 狗性来 民族性 知识性 评论性
剂 ⇒
剂 jì, [劑], dose (medicine)
镇静剂 zhènjìngjì, [鎮靜劑], tranquilizer
剂量 jìliàng, [劑量], dosage/prescribed dose of medicine
药剂 yàojì, [藥劑], medicine/medicament/drug/chemical compound
麻醉剂 mázuìjì, [麻醉劑], narcotic/anesthetic
兴奋剂 xīngfènjì, [興奮劑], stimulant/doping (in athletics)
药剂师 yàojìshī, [藥劑師], drugstore/chemist/pharmacist
杀虫剂 shāchóngjì, [殺蟲劑], insecticide/pesticide
解毒剂 jiědújì, [解毒劑], an antidote
清洁剂 qīngjiéjì, [清潔劑], detergent/cleaning solution
催化剂 cuīhuàjì, [催化劑], catalyst
润滑剂 rùnhuájì, [潤滑劑], lubricant
漂白剂 piǎobáijì, [漂白劑], bleach
除臭剂 chúchòujì, [除臭劑], deodorant
制剂 zhìjì, [製劑], (chemical or pharmaceutical) preparation
毒剂 dújì, [毒劑], a poison/a toxic agent/poison gas/a chemical weapon
试剂 shìjì, [試劑], reagent
溶剂 róngjì, [溶劑], solvent
防腐剂 fángfǔjì, [防腐劑], preservative/antiseptic
消毒剂 xiāodújì, [消毒劑], disinfectant
粘合剂 止痛剂 zhǐtòngjì, [止痛劑], an analgesic/pain killer
针剂 zhēnjì, [針劑], fluid loaded into a syringe for a hypodermic injection
除草剂 chúcǎojì, [除草劑], weed killer/herbicide
添加剂 tiānjiājì, [添加劑], additive/food additive
稀释剂 调剂 tiáojì, [調劑], to adjust/to balance/to make up a medical prescription
洗涤剂 xǐdíjì, [洗滌劑], cleaning agent/detergent
镇痛剂 zhèntòngjì, [鎮痛劑], painkiller/analgesic/anodyne
氧化剂 yǎnghuàjì, [氧化劑], oxidant/oxidizing agent
清洗剂 造影剂 强心剂 qiángxīnjì, [強心劑], cardiac stimulant
冷却剂 lěngquèjì, [冷卻劑], coolant
栓剂 shuānjì, [栓劑], suppository
去污剂 染发剂 rǎnfàjì, [染髮劑], hair dye/rinse/tint
染色剂 利尿剂 lìniàojì, [利尿劑], diuretic
芳香剂 激活剂 甜味剂 tiánwèijì, [甜味劑], sweetener (food additive)
灭虫剂 化学剂 调节剂 稳定剂 着色剂 合剂 黏合剂 niánhéjì, [黏合劑], glue
冲剂 chōngjì, [沖劑], medicine to be taken after being mixed with water (or other liquid)
制冷剂 乳剂 rǔjì, [乳劑], emulsion
汤剂 tāngjì, [湯劑], decoction/potion
抛光剂 粉剂 丸剂 wánjì, [丸劑], pill
敏化剂 还原剂 huányuánjì, [還原劑], reducing agent
熔剂 通便剂 冷冻剂 推进剂 tuījìnjì, [推進劑], propellant/rocket fuel
干燥剂 gānzàojì, [乾燥劑], desiccant
气雾剂 qìwùjì, [氣霧劑], aerosol
灭火剂 减速剂 清凉剂 片剂 piānjì, [片劑], tablet
泡沫剂 腐蚀剂 fǔshíjì, [腐蝕劑], a corrosive (chemical)
驱虫剂 药剂学 祛痰剂 镇咳剂 指示剂 zhǐshìjì, [指示劑], indicator
催吐剂 cuītùjì, [催吐劑], an emetic
分散剂 剂型 jìxíng, [劑型], delivery mechanism of a medicine (e.g. pill, powder etc)
浓缩剂 除锈剂 定影剂