HSK东西 Scripts Advanced Search Radicals [collapse definitions]
Word: freq index 16387
lǎohuà to age (of person or object)
becoming old

Character Composition

Character Compounds

Word Compounds


        lǎo, prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order of ...
        lǎoxiōng, elder brother (often used self-referentially)/(form of address between male frie...
        lǎoshī, [老師], teacher/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi]
        lǎobǎn/Lǎobǎn, [老闆], variant of 老闆|老板[lǎo bǎn], Robam (brand), boss/business proprietor/CL:個|个[gè]
        lǎopó, (coll.) wife
        lǎotiān, God/Heavens
        lǎoshi, [老實], honest/sincere/well-behaved/open and guileless/naive
        lǎoshǔ, rat/mouse/CL:隻|只[zhī]
        lǎogōng/lǎogong, (coll.) husband, (coll.) eunuch/see also 老公[lǎo gōng]
        ShèngdànLǎorén, [聖誕老人], Father Christmas/Santa Claus
        lǎopéngyou, old friend/(slang) period/menstruation
        lǎodà, old age/very/eldest child in a family/leader of a group/boss/captain of a boat/l...
        lǎotóu, [老頭], old fellow/old man/father/husband
        lǎorén, old man or woman/the elderly/one's aged parents or grandparents
        gǔlǎo, ancient/old/age-old
        lǎodiē, (dialect) father/old man/sir
        lǎodì, (affectionate form of address for a male who is not very much younger than onese...
        lǎotiānyé, [老天爺], God/Heavens
        Bǎilǎohuì, [百老匯], Broadway (New York City)
        lǎojiāhuo, [老傢伙], variant of 老家伙[lǎo jiā huo], (coll.) old fellow/old codger
        lǎoshi, always
        lǎohǔ, tiger/CL:隻|只[zhī]
        lǎoyuǎn, [老遠], very far away
        lǎoèr, second-eldest child in a family/(euphemism) penis
        lǎojiā, native place/place of origin/home state or region
        lǎotàitai, elderly lady (respectful)/esteemed mother/CL:位[wèi]
        lǎoyīng, [老鷹], (coll.) eagle/hawk/any similar bird of prey
        lǎotóuzi, [老頭子], (coll.) old man/(said of an aging husband) my old man
        lǎoshì, old-fashioned/old type/outdated
        lǎoyǒu, old friend/sb who passed the county level imperial exam (in Ming dynasty)
        Lǎozǐ/lǎozi, Laozi or Lao-tze (c. 500 BC), Chinese philosopher, the founder of Taoism/the sac...
        zhǎnglǎo, [長老], elder/term of respect for a Buddhist monk
        lǎotàipó, old woman (at times contemptuous)
        lǎobīng, veteran
        
        
        yuánlǎo, senior figure/elder/doyen
        yǎnglǎojīn, [養老金], pension
        lǎorénjiā, polite term for old woman or man
        yǎnglǎoyuàn, [養老院], nursing home
        lǎoniáng, my old mother/I, this old woman/my old lady (colloquial)/maternal grandmother/mi...
        shuāilǎo, to age/to deteriorate with age/old and weak
        lǎoniánrén, old people/the elderly
        
        lǎonián, elderly/old age/autumn of one's years
        lǎonǎinai, (coll.) father's father's mother/paternal great-grandmother/respectful form of a...
        lǎoye, [老爺], (respectful) lord/master/(coll.) maternal grandfather
        lǎodiàoyá, very old/obsolete/out of date
        lǎobǎixìng, ordinary people/the "person in the street"/CL:個|个[gè]
        fǎlǎo, pharaoh (loanword)
        
        lǎoliàn, [老練], seasoned/experienced
        lǎoshǒu, experienced person/an old hand at sth
        
        chángshēngbùlǎo, [長生不老], immortality
        lǎoyézi, [老爺子], my (you etc) old father/polite appellation for an elderly male
        lǎohuà, to age (of person or object)/becoming old
        
        yǎnglǎo, [養老], to provide for the elderly (family members)/to enjoy a life in retirement
        lǎobǎnniáng, [老闆娘], female proprietor/lady boss/boss's wife
        
        
        niánlǎo, aged
        lǎotóur, [老頭兒], see 老頭子|老头子[lǎo tóu zi]
        lǎoniánchīdāizhèng, [老年痴獃症], senile dementia/Alzheimer's disease
        lǎoyéye, [老爺爺], (coll.) father's father's father/paternal great-grandfather
        lǎodàgē, big brother
        
        lǎohǎorén, one who tries never to offend anybody
        lǎochǔnǚ, [老處女], unmarried old woman/spinster
        
        lǎopái, old, well-known brand/old style/old school/an old hand/experienced veteran
        lǎohǔjī, [老虎機], slot machine
        lǎoxiāng, [老鄉], fellow townsman/fellow villager/sb from the same hometown
        
        lǎoyītào, the same old stuff
        
        lǎolù, old road/familiar way/beaten track/conventional behavior
        lǎotài, old lady
西         lǎodōngxi, [老東西], (derog.) old fool/old bastard
        Lǎowō, [老撾], Laos
        lǎoyechē, [老爺車], classic car
        
        MǐLǎoshǔ, Mickey Mouse
        lǎobàn, (of an elderly couple) husband or wife
        
        lǎomáobìng, chronic illness/old weakness/chronic problem
        lǎozǎo, a long time ago
        lǎoshēngchángtán, [老生常談], an old observation (idiom)/a truism/banal comments
        lǎoběn, capital/assets/savings/nest egg/(fig.) reputation/laurels (to rest upon)/old edi...
        lǎohútu, [老糊塗], dotard
        mǔlǎohǔ, tigress/(fig.) fierce woman/vixen
        
        
        
        huílǎojiā, to go back to one's roots/to return to one's native place/by ext. to join one's ...
        nánnǚlǎoshào, men, women, young and old/all kinds of people/people of all ages
        
        
        shēnglǎobìngsǐ, lit. to be born, to grow old, to get sick and to die/fig. the fate of humankind ...
        lǎojiǎn, [老繭], callus (patch or hardened skin)/corns (on feet)/also 老趼
        
        
        lǎozǒng, [老總], boss/executive
        
        
        
        
        lǎohǔqián, [老虎鉗], vise/pincer pliers
        
        lǎojiàng, [老將], lit. old general/commander-in-chief 將帥|将帅, the equivalent of king in Chinese che...
        lǎomāzi, [老媽子], older female servant/amah
        
        
        dàlǎocū, uncouth fellow/rustic
        
        
        lǎogōnggong, old man/husband's father/father-in-law/court eunuch
        lǎochéng, mature/experienced/sophisticated
        lǎowài, (coll.) foreigner (esp. non Asian person)/layman/amateur
        
        lǎoyībèi, [老一輩], previous generation/older generation
        
        lǎobǎo, [老鴇], female brothel keeper
        lǎodao, experienced and careful
        
        cānglǎo, [蒼老], old/aged/(of calligraphy or painting) vigorous/forceful
        
        lǎozhě, old man/elderly man
        lǎoliǎn, [老臉], self-respect of old person/face/thick-skinned (i.e. impervious to criticism)/bra...
        lǎobó, uncle (polite form of address for older male)
        
        gūlǎo, solitary old man or woman/regular patron (at brothels)
        
        lǎoshào, the old and the young
        lǎohúli, old fox/fig. cunning person
        
        lǎodiàochóngtán, [老調重彈], to play the same old tune (idiom); unoriginal
        
        Lǎochéngqū/lǎochéngqū, [老城區], Laocheng district of Luoyang City 洛陽市|洛阳市[Luò yáng shì], Henan, old city distric...
        TángLǎoyā, [唐老鴨], Donald Duck
        
        
        lǎodāngyìzhuàng, [老當益壯], old but vigorous (idiom); hale and hearty despite the years
        tiānhuāngdìlǎo, until the end of time (idiom)
        
        fùlǎo, elders
        lǎomóushēnsuàn, [老謀深算], rigorous schemes and deep foresight (idiom); astute and circumspect
        xiǎolǎopó, concubine/mistress/(dialect) woman
        lǎojiānghú, a much-travelled person, well acquainted with the ways of the world
        lǎojiǔ, wine, esp. Shaoxing wine
        lǎotài, [老態], elderly, as in movement or bearing
        
        
        lǎohàn, [老漢], old man/I (an old man referring to himself)
        
        zhǐlǎohǔ, [紙老虎], paper tiger
        lǎozīgé, [老資格], veteran
        lǎohuājìng, [老花鏡], presbyopic glasses
        
        
        guòjiēlǎoshǔ, [過街老鼠], sb or sth detested by all/target of scorn/anathema/cf. 老鼠過街,人人喊打|老鼠过街,人人喊打[lǎo s...
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        nánnǚlǎoyòu, men, women, young and old/everybody
        jìnglǎoyuàn, home of respect for aged/nursing home
        lǎohuā, presbyopia
        lǎomài, [老邁], aged/senile
        
        
        lǎozìhào, [老字號], shop, firm, or brand of merchandise with a long-established reputation
        
        lǎoyù, [老嫗], old woman (formal writing)
        lǎofū, I (spoken by an old man)
        
        
        lǎodàyé, [老大爺], uncle/grandpa/CL:位[wèi]
        lǎoqìhéngqiū, [老氣橫秋], old and decrepit/proud of one's age and experience (idiom)
        
        
        lǎohuánglì, [老皇曆], (lit.) past years' almanac/(fig.) ancient history/obsolete practice/old-fashione...
        jìnglǎo, respect for the aged
        
        bǎodāobùlǎo, [寶刀不老], lit. a good sword always remains sharp (idiom)/fig. (of one's skills etc) to be ...
        
        lǎozhàngren, (coll.) father-in-law (wife's father)
        qīlǎobāshí, in one's seventies (age)/very old (of people)
        
        
        
        lǎoxiǎo, the old and the young/the youngest member of the family
        
        
        
        
        lǎodàmā, [老大媽], "Madam" (affectionate term for an elderly woman)/CL:位[wèi]
        lǎolínghuà, [老齡化], aging (population)
        lǎobóbo, grandpa (polite form of address for old man)
        dìlǎotiānhuāng, see 天荒地老[tiān huāng dì lǎo]
        
        
        
        yuèlǎo, matchmaker/go-between/same as 月下老人[yuè xià lǎo rén]
        lǎoshibājiāo, [老實巴交], (coll.) docile/well-behaved/biddable
        
        
        lǎochéng, old town/old district of a city
        
        
        lǎoyāo, [老么], youngest
        
        
        
        
        lǎoshēng, venerable middle-aged or elderly man, usually wearing an artificial beard (in Ch...
        lǎofù, father/old man/venerable sir
        
        èrlǎo, mother and father/parents
        lǎobànr, [老伴兒], erhua variant of 老伴[lǎo bàn]
        
        zhōnglǎonián, middle and old age
        zhōnglǎoniánrén, middle-aged and elderly people
        lǎohǔdèng, tiger bench (torture method in which the victim sits with legs extended horizont...
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        Lǎofóyé, [老佛爺], title of respect for the queen mother or the emperor's father/nickname for Empre...
        
        lǎozhàng, [老賬], lit. old account/old debt/fig. old scores to settle/old quarrels/old grudge
        
        
        lǎolíng, [老齡], old age/aging/aged/geriatric/the aged
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        lǎocū, uneducated person/yokel/boor/roughneck
寿         
        lǎodàniáng, old lady/Madam (polite address)/CL:位[wèi]
        
        
        
        dàlǎopó, primary wife
        qiūlǎohǔ, hot spell during autumn/Indian summer
        
        jiālǎo, (old) a senior in one's household
        
        
        
        
        lǎohuāyǎn, presbyopia
        
        
        niánlǎotǐruò, [年老體弱], old and weak (idiom)
        
        lǎojìfúlì, [老驥伏櫪], lit. an old steed in the stable still aspires to gallop 1000 miles (idiom); fig....
        wèilǎoxiānshuāi, to age prematurely
        
        
        
        
        
        
·         
        
        
        
        lǎolà, shrewd and ruthless/efficient and unscrupulous
        
        lǎolài, [老賴], (coll.) debt dodger
        
        
        chuánlǎodà, coxswain/steersman/boatswain (bo'sun)
        
        shàoniánlǎochéng, accomplished though young/lacking youthful vigor
        
        
        lǎomǎshítú, [老馬識途], an old horse knows the way (idiom); an experienced worker knows what to do/an ol...
        
        
        lǎoqiān, cheat/swindler (in gambling)
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        

        biànhuà, [變化], change/variation/to change/to vary/CL:個|个[gè]
        huā/huà, variant of 花[huā], to make into/to change into/-ization/to ... -ize/to transform...
        wénhuà, culture/civilization/cultural/CL:個|个[gè],種|种[zhǒng]
        huàxué, [化學], chemistry/chemical
        huàzhuāng, [化妝], to put on makeup
        èhuà, [惡化], to worsen
        jìnhuà, [進化], evolution/CL:個|个[gè]
        huàzhuāngpǐn, [化妝品], cosmetic/makeup product
        rónghuà, to melt/to thaw/to dissolve/to blend into/to combine/to fuse
        shēnghuà, biochemistry
        huàyàn, [化驗], chemical examination/to do a lab test
        huàliáo, [化療], chemotherapy
        xiāohuà, to digest/digestion/digestive
        jìnghuà, [淨化], to purify
        qíngxùhuà, [情緒化], emotional/sentimental
        huàshēn, incarnation/reincarnation/embodiment (of abstract idea)/personification
        huàhéwù, chemical compound
        huàmíng, to use an alias/assumed name/pseudonym
        huǒhuà, to cremate/to incinerate
        huàzhuāng, [化裝], (of actors) to make up/to disguise oneself
        yìnghuà, to harden/hardening/sclerosis/fig. to become rigid or inflexible in opinions/to ...
        yǎnghuà, to oxidize
        èryǎnghuàtàn, carbon dioxide CÓ
        zhuǎnhuà, [轉化], to change/to transform/isomerization (chemistry)
        guāngtiānhuàrì, the full light of day (idiom)/fig. peace and prosperity/in broad daylight
        huàxuéfǎnyìng, [化學反應], chemical reaction
退         tuìhuà, to degenerate/atrophy
        qiánghuà, [強化], to strengthen/to intensify
        cuīhuàjì, [催化劑], catalyst
        
        rónghuà, to melt (of ice, metals etc)
        yīyǎnghuàtàn, carbon monoxide CO
        fūhuà, breeding/to incubate/innovation (esp. in commerce and marketing)
        
        héfǎhuà, to legalize/to make legal/legalization
        huàxuépǐn, [化學品], chemicals
        lǎohuà, to age (of person or object)/becoming old
        měihuà, to make more beautiful/to decorate/embellishment
        huàjiě, to dissolve/to resolve (contradictions)/to dispel (doubts)/to iron out (difficul...
        jiǎnhuà, [簡化], to simplify
        
        báirèhuà, [白熱化], to turn white-hot/to intensify/to reach a climax
        huàshí, fossil
        
        huàxuéjiā, [化學家], chemist
        tónghuà, assimilation (cultural, digestive, phonemic etc)
        xiàndàihuà, [現代化], modernization/CL:個|个[gè]
        huàxuéwǔqì, [化學武器], chemical weapon
        fǔhuà, to rot/to decay/to become corrupt
        duōyànghuà, [多樣化], diversification/to diversify
        rónghuà, to melt/to dissolve (of sugar etc)
        ruǎnhuà, [軟化], to soften
        chūshǐhuà, (computing) to initialize/initialization
        jīxièhuà, [機械化], to mechanize
        shāngyèhuà, [商業化], to commercialize
        fēnhuà, to split apart/differentiation
        nǚxìnghuà, to feminize/feminization
        shíhuà, to petrify/petrochemical industry
        jiǎndānhuà, [簡單化], simplification/to simplify
        qīngyǎnghuànà, [氫氧化鈉], caustic soda/sodium hydroxide NaOH
        huàgōngchǎng, [化工廠], chemical factory
        
        gǎnhuà, corrective influence/to reform (a criminal)/redemption (of a sinner)/to influenc...
        quánqiúhuà, globalization
        jìnhuàlùn, [進化論], Darwin's theory of evolution
        
        huàgōng, chemical industry, abbr. of 化學工業|化学工业[huà xué gōng yè]/chemical engineering, abb...
        huàzuò, to change into/to turn into/to become
        shùzìhuà, [數字化], to digitalize/digital
        
        nánxìnghuà, to masculinize/masculinization
        yèhuà, to liquefy
        
        
        qìhuàqì, carburetor/vaporizer
        duōyuánhuà, diversification/pluralism/to diversify
        huàwéiwūyǒu, [化為烏有], to go up in smoke/to vanish
        
        huàfènchí, [化糞池], septic tank
        kāihuà, [開化], to become civilized/to be open-minded/(of ice) to thaw
        lǐxiǎnghuà, to idealize
        yōuhuà, [優化], optimization/to optimize/to make superior
        
        huàxiǎnwéiyí, [化險為夷], to turn peril into safety (idiom); to avert disaster
        zàohuà, good luck/Nature (as the mother of all things)
        hélǐhuà, to rationalize/to make compatible/to streamline/rationalization
        yǎnhuà, to evolve/evolution
        fēnghuà, [風化], decency/public morals/to weather (rocks)/wind erosion
        
        xiāohuàxìtǒng, [消化系統], digestive system/gastrointestinal tract
        biāozhǔnhuà, [標準化], standardization
        fùzáhuà, [複雜化], to complicate/to become complicated
        lǜhuàjiǎ, [氯化鉀], potassium chloride
        zìdònghuà, [自動化], automation
        huàzhuāngshì, [化妝室], dressing room/powder room/(Tw) toilets
        géshìhuà, to format
        fénhuà, to cremate
        gānyìnghuà, cirrhosis
        
        báihuàbìng, albinism
        huàféi, fertilizer
        dànhuà, to water down/to play down/to trivialize/to weaken/to become dull with time/to d...
        zuìdàhuà, to maximize
        xiāohuàdào, digestive tract
        chūshénrùhuà, to reach perfection (idiom); a superb artistic achievement
        
        dàzhònghuà, [大眾化], mass-oriented/to cater for the masses/popularized
        sīyǒuhuà, privatization/to privatize
        yǎnghuàjì, [氧化劑], oxidant/oxidizing agent
        lǜhuàwù, chloride
        xùnhuà, [馴化], to tame/to domesticate
        guójìhuà, [國際化], to internationalize/internationalization
        liànghuà, to quantize/quantization/quantitative
        huàyóuqì, carburetor
        
        chǒuhuà, [醜化], to defame/to libel/to defile/to smear/to vilify
        gèxìnghuà, [個性化], to personalize/to customize/customization
        wùhuà, to objectify/(literary) to die
        shuǐhuà, to hydrate
        
        lǜhuànà, [氯化鈉], sodium chloride NaCl/common salt
        shénhuà, to make divine/apotheosis
        huàxuéyuánsù, [化學元素], chemical element
        huàxuéxì, [化學系], department of chemistry
        fūhuàqì, incubator/apparatus for incubating eggs
        cuīhuà, catalysis/to catalyze (a reaction)
        gōngkāihuà, [公開化], to publicize/openness (of government, PRC equivalent of "glasnost")
        yǒujīhuàxué, [有機化學], organic chemistry
        zhèngzhìhuà, to politicize
        ruòhuà, weaken/make weaker
        jiānghuà, to become rigid
        
        gùhuà, to solidify/solidification (chemistry)
绿         lǜhuà, [綠化], to make green with plants/to reforest/(Internet slang) Islamization
        qìhuà, to boil/to vaporize
        kuòdàhuà, [擴大化], to extend the scope/to exaggerate
        qiányímòhuà, [潛移默化], imperceptible influence/to influence secretly
        liúhuàqīng, [硫化氫], hydrogen sulfide HS/sulfureted hydrogen
        huànóng, [化膿], to fester/to suppurate/to be infected
        qiānbiànwànhuà, [千變萬化], countless changes/constant permutation
        yàwénhuà, [亞文化], subculture
        dòngmàiyìnghuà, [動脈硬化], hardening of the arteries/arteriosclerosis
        huàxuéjiàn, [化學鍵], chemical bond
        cíhuà, to magnetize
        yǎnghuàlǚ, [氧化鋁], aluminum oxide
        gǎnhuàyuàn, reformatory/reform school
        
        jūnshìhuà, [軍事化], militarization
        
        féngxiōnghuàjí, misfortune turns to blessing (idiom); to turn an inauspicious start to good acco...
        gōngyèhuà, [工業化], to industrialize/industrialization
        
        
        
        
        liúhuà, vulcanization (curing rubber using sulfur and heat)
        biànhuàduōduān, [變化多端], changeable/changing/varied/full of changes
        gàihuà, [鈣化], to calcify/calcification
        èryǎnghuàguī, silicon dioxide (SiÓ)
        èryǎnghuàliú, sulfur dioxide SÓ
        guòyǎnghuàqīng, [過氧化氫], hydrogen peroxide HÓ
        
        gānghuàbōli, [鋼化玻璃], reinforced glass
        biānyuánhuà, [邊緣化], to marginalize/marginalization
        
        
        yītǐhuà, [一體化], integration/incorporation/unification
        
        huàhé, chemical combination
        zhíyèhuà, [職業化], professionalization
        jùtǐhuà, [具體化], to concretize
        
        shēnhuà, to deepen/to intensify
        huànhuà, to be transformed/to metamorphose/transformation/metamorphosis
        biànhuàmòcè, [變化莫測], unpredictable/changeable
        zhuānyèhuà, [專業化], specialization
        shèhuìhuà, [社會化], socialization/to socialize/to fit into society/to train sb for society
        qìhuà, [氣化], to vaporize/evaporation/carburetion/氣|气[qì] transformation in TCM (i.e. transfor...
        diǎnhuàjiǎ, [碘化鉀], potassium iodide
        yǎnghuàwù, oxide
        
        
        rǔhuà, to emulsify
        gǔhuà, to ossify/ossification
        shígǔbùhuà, to swallow ancient learning without digesting it (idiom)/to be pedantic without ...
        niánqīnghuà, [年輕化], to make more youthful/to promote younger staff
        
        diànqìhuà, [電氣化], electrification
        zhìdùhuà, systematization
        
        jíhuà, [極化], polarization
        diànhuàxué, [電化學], electrochemistry
        fūhuàchǎng, [孵化場], incubator/hatchery (for poultry etc)
        lǎolínghuà, [老齡化], aging (population)
        dúhuà, to poison/to infect
        
        WénhuàDàgémìng, Cultural Revolution (1966-1976)
        jiàohuāzi, variant of 叫花子[jiào huā zi]
        xìhuà, [細化], to give a more granular level of detail/to elaborate/to refine/to become more di...
        
        guīfànhuà, [規範化], to standardize/standardization
        huàzhěngwéilíng, [化整為零], to break up the whole into pieces (idiom); dealing with things one by one/divide...
        
        
        
        huàxiān, [化纖], synthetic fiber
西         
        
        mínzhǔhuà, to convert to democracy/democratic transformation
        
        huàxuézhàn, [化學戰], chemical warfare
        
        
        
        
        
        yīyuánhuà, integration/integrated/unified
        huàxuénéng, [化學能], chemical energy
        gōngshìhuà, to formalize/formalism in art (esp. as proscribed in USSR and PRC)
        
        
        lǜhuàqīng, [氯化氫], hydrogen chloride HCl
        
        guòyǎnghuàwù, [過氧化物], peroxide
        
        
        
        tànhuàwù, carbide
        huóhuàshí, living fossil
        
        běntǔhuà, to localize/localization
        qínghuàjiǎ, [氰化鉀], potassium cyanide KCN
        qínghuànà, [氰化鈉], sodium cyanide NaCN
        gàiniànhuà, conceptualization
        réngéhuà, to personalize/anthropomorphism
        xiāohuàméi, digestive enzyme
        yìhuà, [異化], alienation (philosophy)/(of speech) dissimilation
        
        
        shìchǎnghuà, [市場化], marketization
绿         
        
        huàdòng, [化凍], to defrost
        
        huàtán, to transform phlegm (TCM)
        mínyínghuà, [民營化], privatization
        
        
        Shùnhuà, [順化], Hue, city in central Vietnam and capital of Thua Thien province
        
        yèhuàqì, [液化氣], liquid gas/bottled gas (fuel)
        
        huàxuéshì, [化學式], chemical formula (e.g. water HO)
        fúhuàqīng, [氟化氫], hydrofluoric acid
        
        
        
        tànhuàguī, silicon carbide/carborundum
        
        
        
        
        
        yǔhuà, levitation (of Daoist immortal)/to become as light as a feather and ascend to he...
        zuòhuà, to die in a seated posture (Buddhism)
        
        
西         
        shāngpǐnhuà, commodification
        
        guóyǒuhuà, [國有化], nationalization
        chǎnyèhuà, [產業化], to industrialize/industrialization
        wùhuàqì, [霧化器], nebulizer/spray/atomizer
        qīngyǎnghuàwù, [氫氧化物], hydroxide
        xíngshìhuà, formalization/formalized
        
        yǎnghuàgǒng, mercuric oxide (HgO)
        zhèngchánghuà, normalization (of diplomatic relations etc)
        
        liànhuà, [煉化], to refine/refining (e.g. oil, chemicals etc)
        
        jiāohuà, to distill
        
        
        
        huàxuégōngyè, [化學工業], chemical industry, abbr. to 化工[huà gōng]
        
        
        
        
        huàhéjià, [化合價], valence (chemistry)
        
        
        
        
        
        wùlǐhuàxué, [物理化學], physical chemistry
        
        dànyǎnghuàwù, nitrogen oxide
        
        
        
        
        shāmòhuà, desertification
        lǐhuà, physical and chemical
        
        fūhuàqī, incubation period/time for sth to develop
        wénhuàshǐ, cultural history
        
        rìhuà, household chemicals (cleaning products etc) and toiletries/abbr. for 日用化學製品|日用化学...
        
        lǔhuàwù, [鹵化物], halide (i.e. fluoride, chloride, bromide etc)
        huàwǔ, chemical weapon/abbr. for 化學武器|化学武器[huà xué wǔ qì]
        
        
        

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