锻 ⇒
锻炼 duànliàn, [鍛鍊], to toughen/to temper/to engage in physical exercise/to work out/(fig.) to develo...
锻造 duànzào, [鍛造], to forge (metal)/forging
锻 duàn, [鍛], to forge/to discipline/wrought
锻压机 锻件 锻工
炼 ⇒
锻炼 duànliàn, [鍛鍊], to toughen/to temper/to engage in physical exercise/to work out/(fig.) to develo...
炼狱 liànyù, [煉獄], purgatory
炼 liàn, [煉]/[鍊], to refine/to smelt, variant of 鏈|链[liàn], chain/variant of 煉|炼[liàn]
提炼 tíliàn, [提煉], to extract (ore, minerals etc)/to refine/to purify/to process
炼油厂 liànyóuchǎng, [煉油廠], oil refinery
精炼 jīngliàn, [精煉], to refine (a substance)/to purify/to refine (one's skills, writing etc)/refined/...
炼金术 liànjīnshù, [煉金術], alchemy
修炼 xiūliàn, [修煉], (of Taoists) to practice austerities/to practice asceticism
磨炼 móliàn, [磨煉], see 磨練|磨练[mó liàn]
炼铁 liàntiě, [煉鐵], smelting iron
炼钢 liàngāng, [煉鋼], steelmaking
炼丹 liàndān, [煉丹], to concoct pills of immortality
炼乳 liànrǔ, [煉乳], to condense milk (by evaporation)/condensed milk
熔炼 róngliàn, [熔煉], to smelt
冶炼 yěliàn, [冶煉], to smelt metal
锤炼 冶炼厂 炼焦炉 liànjiāolú, [煉焦爐], coking furnace
炼油 liànyóu, [煉油], oil refinery
炼化 liànhuà, [煉化], to refine/refining (e.g. oil, chemicals etc)
炼制 liànzhì, [煉製], (chemistry) to refine