HSK东西 Scripts Advanced Search Radicals [collapse definitions]
fàngsōngguǎnzhì deregulation

Character Composition

Character Compounds

Word Compounds


        fàng, to put/to place/to release/to free/to let go/to let out/to set off (fireworks)
        fàngqì, [放棄], to renounce/to abandon/to give up
        fàngsōng, [放鬆], to loosen/to relax
        fàngxià, to lay down/to put down/to let go of/to relinquish/to set aside/to lower (the bl...
        fàngkāi, [放開], to let go/to release
        shìfàng, [釋放], to release/to set free/to liberate (a prisoner)/to discharge
        
        fàngxīn, to feel relieved/to feel reassured/to be at ease
        fàngshǒu, to let go one's hold/to give up/to have a free hand
        
        fàngpì, to fart/to break wind/to talk nonsense/Utter rubbish!
        bōfàng, to broadcast/to transmit
        fàngxué, [放學], to dismiss students at the end of the school day
        kāifàng, [開放], to bloom/to open/to be open (to the public)/to open up (to the outside)/to be op...
        jiěfàng, to liberate/to emancipate/liberation/refers to the Communists' victory over the ...
        liúfàng, to exile/to banish/to deport/to float (logs) downstream
        fàngdà, to enlarge/to magnify
        fàngguò, [放過], to let off/to let slip by/to let sb get away with sth
        fàngzhú, to banish/to deport/to send into exile/to be marooned
        fàngchū, to let off/to give out
        fàngjià, to have a holiday or vacation
        fàngzòng, [放縱], to indulge/to pamper/to connive at/permissive/indulgent/self-indulgent/unrestrai...
        fàngshè, to radiate/radioactive
        fànghuǒ, to set on fire/to commit arson/to create a disturbance
        fàngshèxìng, radioactive
        fàngdàng, [放蕩], licentious/wanton/morally unrestrained
        cúnfàng, to deposit/to store/to leave in sb's care
        fàngzhì, to put
        fàngrèn, to ignore/to let alone/to indulge
        fàngzǒu, to release/to set free/to allow (a person or an animal) to go/to liberate
        fāfàng, [發放], to provide/to give/to grant
        fàngyìng, to show (a movie)/to screen
        
        tóufàng, to input/to throw in/to unload/to put into circulation
        bǎifàng, [擺放], to set up/to arrange/to lay out
        zhànfàng, [綻放], to blossom
        fàngfēng, [放風], to allow in fresh air/to allow a prisoner out for exercise/to give out informati...
        fàngsì, wanton/unbridled/presumptuous/impudent
        ānfàng, to lay/to place/to put in a certain place
        fàngshuǐ, to turn on the water/to let water out/to throw a game (sports)
        páifàng, emission/discharge/exhaust (gas etc)
        fàngshēng, [放聲], very loudly/at the top of one's voice
        
        
        fàngdiàn, [放電], electrical discharge/(coll.) to lure/to entice
        fàngshào, to keep watch/to do sentry duty/to be on patrol
        fàngkuān, [放寬], to relax restrictions
        bēnfàng, bold and unrestrained/untrammeled
        fàngdàjìng, [放大鏡], magnifying glass
        dàfàngyìcǎi, [大放異彩], to shine (of talents, skills, accomplishment)/to demonstrate extraordinary talen...
        
        
        fàngfēi, [放飛], to allow to fly
        fàngzàiyǎnlǐ, [放在眼裡], to pay attention to/to care about/to attach importance to
        
        fàngxíng, to let pass
        fàngxuè, to let blood (Chinese medicine)/to bleed/to stab sb (slang)
        fàngyǎn, to survey/to view broadly
        xiàfàng, to delegate/to decentralize/to demote a party cadre to work on the shop floor or...
        Jiěfàngjūn, [解放軍], People's Liberation Army (PRC armed forces)
        fàngyìngshì, cinema room/viewing room
        shīfàng, to fire/to discharge/to release (fireworks, smokescreen, poison gas, virus etc)
        fàngrènzìliú, to let sb do whatever they want/to indulge/to give free reins to/to let things s...
        tíngfàng, to park (a car etc)/to moor (a boat etc)/to leave sth (in a place)
        fàngzhài, [放債], to lend money (for interest)/to give credit
        fàngdàngbùjī, [放蕩不羈], wanton and unrestrained (idiom); dissolute
        
        fànglàng, unrestrained/dissolute/dissipated/unconventional/immoral/to debauch/to dissipate
        kāifàngxìng, [開放性], openness
线         fàngshèxiàn, [放射線], radiation/rays of radiation
        fàngmù, to graze (livestock)/to herd (livestock)
        ránfàng, to light/to set off (firecrackers etc)
        kuángfàng, wild/unrestrained
        fàngyáng, to tend a flock of sheep/to let sheep out to pasture/fig. to throw off the reins...
        duīfàng, to pile up/to stack
        fàngdài, [放貸], to provide loans
        fàngqíng, (of weather) to clear up
        háofàng, bold and unconstrained/powerful and free
        
        fànghuǎn, [放緩], to slow/to slow down (the pace of)
        
        fàngdàqì, amplifier
        
        jìfàng, to leave sth with sb
        
        fàngkōng, to relax completely/to empty one's mind/(finance) to sell short/(of a commercial...
        xīnhuānùfàng, to burst with joy (idiom)/to be over the moon/to be elated
        fàngdú, to poison/fig. to spread vicious rumors
        
        
        fànglàngxínghái, to abandon all restraint (idiom)
        fàngyǎng, [放養], to breed (livestock, fish, crops etc)/to grow/to raise
        
        
        
        fàngdǎn, [放膽], to act boldly
        JiěfàngZhànzhēng, [解放戰爭], War of Liberation (1945-49), after which the Communists 共產黨武裝|共产党武装 under Mao Ze...
        
        
        
        nùfàng, in full bloom
        
        fàngshèyuán, radiation source
        
        
        
        Jiěfàngqū, [解放區], Liberation city district/Jiefang district of Jiaozuo city 焦作市[Jiāo zuò shì], Hen...
        fàngquán, [放權], to delegate power/to decentralize
        fàngkuǎn, to lend money (as a commercial loan)
        
        
        
        fàngkōngpào, (lit.) to fire blank shots/(fig.) to be all talk and no action/to shoot one's mo...
        jiěfànghòu, [解放後], after liberation (i.e. after the Communist's victory)/after the establishment of...
        
        
        
        
        lùfàng, [錄放], to record and play (audio, video)
        
        
        ZhōngguóRénmínJiěfàngjūn, [中國人民解放軍], Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        fàngzhīsìhǎiérjiēzhǔn, [放之四海而皆準], appropriate to any place and any time (idiom); universally applicable/a panacea,...
        
        
        
        
        
        bǎihuāqífàng, [百花齊放], a hundred flowers bloom (idiom); let the arts have free expression
        
        
        
        
        zìyóufàngrèn, laissez-faire
        
        
西         

        fàngsōng, [放鬆], to loosen/to relax
        qīngsōng, [輕鬆], light/gentle/relaxed/effortless/uncomplicated/to relax/to take things less serio...
        Sōng/sōng, [鬆], surname Song, pine/CL:棵[kē], loose/to loosen/to relax/floss (dry, fluffy food pr...
        sōngshǔ, squirrel
        sōngkāi, [鬆開], to release/to let go/to loosen/to untie/to come loose
        mǎlāsōng, [馬拉松], marathon (loanword)
        sōngzǐ, pine nut
        sōngshǒu, [鬆手], to relinquish one's grip/to let go
        Níkèsōng, Richard Nixon (1913-1994), US president 1969-1974/surname Nixon
        sōngshù, [松樹], pine/pine tree/CL:棵[kē]
        kuānsōng, [寬鬆], to relax (policy)/relaxed
        sōngbǎng, [鬆綁], to untie/(fig.) to ease restrictions
        sōngchí, [鬆弛], to relax/relaxed/limp/lax
        péngsōng, [蓬鬆], fluffy
        sōngxiè, [鬆懈], to relax/to relax efforts/to slack off/to take it easy/complacent/undisciplined
        sōngsan, [鬆散], to relax/loose/not consolidated/not rigorous
        
        sōngguǒ, pine cone/strobile/strobilus
        
        sōngmù, pine wood/deal/larch
        sōngkǒu, [鬆口], to let go of sth held in one's mouth/(fig.) to relent/to yield
        xuěsōng, cedar tree/cedarwood
        
        sōngruǎn, [鬆軟], flexible/not rigid/spongy/soft or runny (not set hard)/loose (soil)
        Sōngjǐng, Matsui (Japanese surname)
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        shūsōng, [疏鬆], to loosen
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        sōngjiéyóu, [松節油], turpentine
        sōngdòng, [鬆動], loose/slack/(fig.) to soften (policies, tone of voice)/to give some slack/(of a ...
        sōngxiāng, rosin/pine rosin
        xīsōng, [稀鬆], poor/sloppy/unconcerned/heedless/lax/unimportant/trivial/loose/porous
        
        Sōngběn, Matsumoto (Japanese surname and place name)
        
        sōngjǐndài, [鬆緊帶], (a length of) elastic
        
        
        
        
        
        sōngguǒxiàn, pineal body
        
        Sōngxià, Matsushita (name)/Panasonic (brand), abbr. for 松下電器|松下电器[Sōng xià Diàn qì]
        
        
        
        
        gǔzhìshūsōngzhèng, [骨質疏鬆症], osteoporosis
        
        
        sōngjī, [松雞], grouse
        
        
        
        ròusōng, [肉鬆], meat floss/shredded dried pork
        
        Sōnglǐng, [松嶺], Songling district of Daxing'anling prefecture 大興安嶺地區|大兴安岭地区, Heilongjiang
        shísōng, [石鬆], Lycopodiopsida (club mosses)
        
绿         lǜsōngshí, [綠松石], turquoise (gemstone)
        
        
        
        
        sōnglù, truffle
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        Sōngjiāng, Songjiang suburban district of Shanghai
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        sōngmó, matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), edible mushroom considered a great delicacy in...
        
        sōngqì, [鬆氣], to relax one's efforts
        sōngbǎi, pine and cypress/fig. chaste and undefiled/fig. tomb
        
        Sōngtián, Matsuda (Japanese surname)
        
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        Sōngyuán, Songyuan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
        
        
        sōngrén, pine nuts
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        qīngsōng, pine tree
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        luòyèsōng, [落葉松], larch tree (Pinus larix)/deciduous pine tree
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        guǎn/Guǎn, [筦], variant of 管[guǎn], surname Guan, to take care (of)/to control/to manage/to be i...
        bùguǎn, not to be concerned/regardless of/no matter
        jǐnguǎn, [儘管], despite/although/even though/in spite of/unhesitatingly/do not hesitate (to ask,...
        bùguǎnzěnyàng, [不管怎樣], in any case/no matter what
        guǎnlǐ, to supervise/to manage/to administer/management/administration/CL:個|个[gè]
        guǎnyòng, efficacious/useful
        zhǔguǎn, in charge/responsible for/person in charge/manager
        guǎndào, tubing/pipeline/(fig.) channel/means
        jiēguǎn, to take over/to assume control
        Guǎnzǐ/guǎnzi, Guanzi or Guan Zhong 管仲 (-645 BC), famous politician of Qi 齊國|齐国 of Spring and A...
        guǎnlǐyuán, [管理員], manager/administrator
        xuèguǎn, vein/artery/CL:根[gēn]
        bǎoguǎn, to hold in safekeeping/to have in one's care/to guarantee/certainly/surely/custo...
        shuǐguǎn, water pipe
        guǎnjiā, housekeeper/butler/manage one's household
        guǎnxiánshì, [管閒事], to meddle/to be a "nosy Parker"/to be too inquisitive about other people's busin...
        
        zhǎngguǎn, in charge of/to control
        jiānguǎn, [監管], to oversee/to take charge of/to supervise/to administer/supervisory/supervision
        guǎnzhì, to control/to restrict/(PRC law) non-custodial sentence with specified restricti...
        
        duōguǎnxiánshì, [多管閒事], meddling in other people's business
        guǎnxiá, [管轄], to administer/to have jurisdiction (over)
        qìguǎn, [氣管], windpipe/trachea/respiratory tract/air duct/gas pipe
        kānguǎn, to look after
        xīguǎn, (drinking) straw/pipette/eyedropper/snorkel/CL:支[zhī]
        guǎnjiào, to discipline/to teach/to guarantee
        dǎoguǎn, [導管], duct/conduit/vessel/catheter
        léiguǎn, detonator/fuse
        guǎngōng, plumber/pipe-worker
        
        
        
        
        
        zhǐguǎn, solely engrossed in one thing/just (one thing, no need to worry about the rest)/...
线         guǎnxiàn, [管線], pipeline/general term for pipes, cables etc
        
        gāngguǎn, [鋼管], steel pipe/pole (in pole dancing)
        páishuǐguǎn, drainpipe/waste pipe
        
        tuōguǎn, trusteeship/to trust
        
        sāshǒubùguǎn, to stand aside and do nothing (idiom)/to take no part in
        tōngfēngguǎn, [通風管], ventilation duct
        
        shìguǎn, [試管], test tube
        
        
        ruǎnguǎn, [軟管], hose/flexible tube
        guǎnxiányuè, [管弦樂], orchestral music
        shūyóuguǎn, [輸油管], petroleum pipeline
        
        guǎnxiányuèduì, [管弦樂隊], orchestra
        
尿         
        shūjīngguǎn, [輸精管], vas deferens
        guǎnlǐrén, supervisor/manager/administrator
        
        zhàoguǎn, to look after/to provide for
        zhīqìguǎn, [支氣管], bronchial tube/bronchus
        guǎnfēngqín, [管風琴], organ/pipe organ
        zhīqìguǎnyán, [支氣管炎], bronchitis
        
        
        
        
        
        
        xīnxuèguǎn, cardiovascular
        bǎoguǎnyuán, [保管員], custodian/storeroom clerk
        tàoguǎn, pipe casing
        shuānghuángguǎn, [雙簧管], double reed wind instrument (such as oboe or bassoon)
        
        
        shūluǎnguǎn, [輸卵管], Fallopian tube/oviduct
        shíguǎn, esophagus
        sàkèsīguǎn, [薩克斯管], sax/saxophone
        shuāngguǎnqíxià, [雙管齊下], lit. to paint holding two brushes (idiom); fig. to work on two tasks at the same...
        guǎnshù, to exercise control over/restriction/control
        
        tóngguǎn, [銅管], brass instrument (music)
        hēiguǎn, clarinet
        
        guǎnwěihuì, [管委會], administrative committee/management committee/abbr. for 管理委員會|管理委员会[guǎn lǐ wěi ...
        dēngguǎn, [燈管], fluorescent light
        dānhuángguǎn, [單簧管], clarinet
        
        
        mùguǎnyuèqì, [木管樂器], woodwind instrument
        guǎnjiāpó, housewife (jocularly)/female housekeeper of a higher rank (old)/busybody
        kùguǎn, [褲管], trouser leg
        
        dǎnguǎn, [膽管], bile duct
        fēnguǎn, to be put in charge of/to be responsible for/branched passage
        jīngtǐguǎn, [晶體管], transistor
        diànzǐguǎn, [電子管], valve (electronics)/vacuum tube
        shìguǎnyīngér, [試管嬰兒], test tube baby
        
        
        
        chuīguǎn, blowpipe
        
        dīguǎn, eyedropper/pipette/burette
线         
        zhēnkōngguǎn, vacuum tube
        jiāoguǎn, traffic control
        guǎnyuèqì, [管樂器], wind instrument/woodwind
线         luóxiànguǎn, [螺線管], solenoid/coil
        
        
        guǎnlǐxué, [管理學], management studies
        
        
        bāoguǎn, to assure/to guarantee
        
        
        
        èrjíguǎn, [二極管], diode/vacuum tube
        wēixuèguǎn, capillary
        dàiguǎn, to administer/to manage/to hold in trust or escrow
        
        
        tǒngguǎn, [統管], unified administration
尿         shūniàoguǎn, [輸尿管], ureter
        
        guǎnzhù, to take control of/to manage/to curb
        zhúguǎn, bamboo pipe
        
        sānbùguǎn, of undetermined status/unregulated
        xiǎnxiàngguǎn, [顯像管], CRT used in TV or computer monitor/picture tube/kinescope
        
        
        
        
        wéiguǎnshù, [維管束], vascular bundle (botany)
        
        bùguǎnsānqīèrshíyī, regardless of the consequences/recklessly relying on a hopelessly optimistic for...
        
        chángguǎn, [腸管], intestine/gut
        guǎnlǐzhàn, management station
        xiùguǎn, sleeve
        
        
        
        guǎnlù, piping (for water, oil, etc)/conduit
        guǎnzhōngkuībào, [管中窺豹], lit. to see a leopard through a narrow tube (idiom); fig. to miss the big pictur...
        
        jīngguǎn, [經管], to be in charge of
        guǎnjiàn, [管見], my limited view (lit. view through a thin tube)/my limited understanding/my opin...
        
        shèjīngguǎn, ejaculatory duct
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        chéngguǎn, local government bylaw enforcement officer/city management (abbr. for 城市管理行政執法局|...
        

        kòngzhì, control/to exercise control over/to contain
        zhìzào, [製造], to manufacture/to make
        zhìzuò, [製作], to make/to manufacture
        zhìfú, to subdue/to check/to bring under control/(in former times) what one is allowed ...
        zhì, [製], system/to control/to regulate/variant of 製|制[zhì], to manufacture/to make
        xiànzhì, to restrict/to limit/to confine/restriction/limit/CL:個|个[gè]
        fùzhì, [複製], to duplicate/to make a copy of/to copy/to reproduce/to clone
        zhìdìng, to draw up/to formulate
        zhìdù, system (e.g. political, adminstrative etc)/institution/CL:個|个[gè]
        zhìzhǐ, to curb/to put a stop to/to stop/to check/to limit
        qiángzhì, [強制], to enforce/enforcement/forcibly/compulsory
        yìzhì, to inhibit/to keep down/to suppress
        kòngzhìshì, control room
        zìzhì, [自製], to maintain self-control/self-control, self-made/improvised/homemade/handmade
        guǎnzhì, to control/to restrict/(PRC law) non-custodial sentence with specified restricti...
        kèzhì, to restrain/to control/restraint/self-control
        tèzhì, special/unique
        lùzhì, [錄製], to record (video or audio)
        zhìzàoshāng, [製造商], manufacturing company
        dǐzhì, to resist/to boycott/to refuse (to cooperate)/to reject/resistance/refusal
        zhìcái, to punish/punishment/sanctions (incl. economic)
        kòngzhìquán, [控制權], control (as in "to win control")
        zhìchéng, [製成], to manufacture/to turn out (a product)
        jīzhì, [機制]/[機製], mechanism, machine processed/machine made/mechanism
        zhìpǐn, [製品], products/goods
        zhìyào, [制藥], to manufacture medicine
        tǐzhì, [體制], system/organization
        zhìzàozhě, [製造者], maker
        fùzhìpǐn, [複製品], replica/reproduction
        
        yánzhì, [研製], to manufacture/to develop
        dìngzhì, [定製], custom-made/made-to-order/to have something custom made
        kòngzhìtái, [控制臺], control desk/console
        huìzhì, [繪製], to draw/to draft
        jiézhì, [節制], to control/to restrict/to moderate/to temper/moderation/sobriety/to administer
        
        
        qiānzhì, [牽制], to control/to curb/to restrict/to impede/to pin down (enemy troops)
        jiānzhì, [監製], to supervise the manufacture of/to supervise the shooting of films/executive pro...
        mùzhì, [木製], wooden
        zhuānzhì, [專制], autocracy/dictatorship
        zhìjì, [製劑], (chemical or pharmaceutical) preparation
        féngzhì, [縫製], to sew/to make (clothes, bedding)
        núlìzhì, [奴隸制], slavery
        xiānfāzhìrén, [先發制人], to gain the initiative by striking first (idiom); to preempt/to anticipate/preem...
        zhìdìng, [制訂], to work out/to formulate
        fǎzhì/Fǎzhì, [法製], legal system and institutions, made in France
        biānzhì, [編制]/[編製], to establish (a unit or department)/staffing structure (excluding temporary and ...
仿         fǎngzhìpǐn, [仿製品], counterfeit object/fake
        
        zìzhìlì, self-control
        
        tiáozhì, [調制]/[調製], to modulate/modulation, to concoct by mixing ingredients/to prepare according to...
        èzhì, to check/to contain/to hold back/to keep within limits/to constrain/to restrain
        zhìyuē, [制約], to restrict/condition
仿         fǎngzhì, [仿製], to copy/to imitate/to make by imitating a model
        
        
        shèzhì, [攝製], to produce (a TV show etc)
        zhìdòng, [制動], to brake
        zhìdǎo, [制導], to control (the course of sth)/to guide (a missile)
        èrjìnzhì, [二進制], binary system (math.)
        nǎizhìpǐn, [奶製品], dairy product
        dìngzhì, [訂製], custom-made/made-to-order/to have something custom made/also written 定製|定制
        zhìlěng, refrigeration
        
        quánrìzhì, full-time (schooling, work etc)
        zhìfú, to overpower/to overwhelm/to subdue/to check/to control
        jūnzhǔzhì, monarchy
        zhìzàochǎng, [製造廠], manufacturing plant/factory
        
        zhìtú, [制圖]/[製圖], cartographic/graphics, to map/to chart/to draft/mapmaking/charting
        rǔzhìpǐn, [乳製品], dairy products
        
        
        zhìhéng, to check and balance (power)/checks and balances
        
        zhìzuòzhě, [製作者], producer/maker/creator
线         
        chūqízhìshèng, [出奇制勝], to win by a surprise move
        páozhì, [炮製], to concoct/to invent/to fabricate/to produce/to process/processing and curing (C...
        
        yìnzhì, [印製], to print/to produce (a publication)
        pèizhì, [配製], to compound (medicines etc)/to prepare (by mixing ingredients)/to concoct
        cūzhìlànzào, [粗製濫造], to churn out large quantities without regard for quality (idiom); rough and slip...
        zhìzàoyè, [制造業], manufacturing industry
        tiáozhìjiětiáoqì, [調制解調器], modem
        
        gōngzhì, metric system
        tǒngzhì, [統制], to control
        xiàshízhì, [夏時制], daylight saving time
        núlìzhìdù, [奴隸制度], slavery
        rúfǎpáozhì, [如法炮製], lit. to follow the recipe (idiom)/fig. to follow a set pattern
        gǎizhì, to reorganize/to restructure
        yānzhì, [腌製], marinated/to make by pickling, salting or curing
        
        
        
        jīngzhì, [精製], refined
        shíjìnzhì, [十進制], decimal
        zhìfúní, tweed cloth (used for military uniforms etc)
        shòuzhì, controlled (by sb)/to suffer under a yoke
        xuézhì, [學制], educational system/length of schooling
        xiézhì, [挾製], forced submission/to exploit advantage to force sb to do one's bidding
        
        hōngzhì, [烘製], to bake
        
        
        zhìbiǎo, [製表], to tabulate/tabulation/scheduling/watchmaking
        
        qiánzhì, [鉗制], to suppress/to muzzle/to gag
        zhìdùhuà, systematization
        
        
        
        kòngzhìlùn, [控制論], control theory (math.)/cybernetics
        
        
        
        
        
        zhìshì, standardized/standard (service, method etc)/regulation (clothing etc)/formulaic/...
        zhìdòngqì, [制動器], brake
        
        yīndìzhìyí, (idiom) to use methods in line with local circumstances
        
        shāozhì, [燒製], to fire (in a kiln)
        zhúzhì, [竹製], made of bamboo
        
        
        
        zhìbèi, [製備], to prepare/preparation (chemistry)
        zhìbǎn, [製版], to make a plate (printing)
        yīguóliǎngzhì, [一國兩制], one country, two systems (PRC proposal regarding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan)
        
        
        jiùzhì, [舊制], old system/weights and measures of former times
        
        
        shìzhì, Chinese units of measurement
        
        shēngwùzhìpǐn, [生物製品], biological product
        jiāzhǎngzhì, [家長制], patriarchal system
        
        shíliùjìnzhì, [十六進制], hexadecimal
        kòngzhìbàng, control rods
        
        
        èzhì, to control/to restrain
        
        liànzhì, [煉製], (chemistry) to refine
        
        xiànzhì, [憲制], system of constitutional government/(used as an attributive) constitutional
        
        
        
        
        
        jiànzhì, organizational structure
        
        yùzhì, [預製], prefabricated/precut/to prefabricate
        sīyǒuzhì, private ownership of property
        
        
        
        zhìjiǎ, [製假], to counterfeit/to manufacture counterfeit goods
        

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