HSK东西 Scripts Advanced Search Radicals [collapse definitions]
[權變理論] quánbiànlǐlùn contingency theory (theory of leadership)

Character Composition

Character Compounds

Word Compounds


        quánlì, [權利], right (i.e. an entitlement to sth)/(classical) power and wealth
        Quán/quán, [權], surname Quan, authority/power/right/(literary) to weigh/expedient/temporary
        quánlì, [權力], power/authority
        huòmiǎnquán, [豁免權], immunity from prosecution
        shòuquán, [授權], to authorize
        tèquán, [特權], prerogative/privilege/privileged
        quánwēi, [權威], authority/authoritative/power and prestige
        wúquán, [無權], to have no right/to have no authority
        jiānhùquán, [監護權], custody (of a child)
        quánxiàn, [權限], scope of authority/extent of power/(access etc) privileges
        rénquán, [人權], human rights
        zhèngquán, [政權], regime/political power
        qìquán, [棄權], to abstain from voting/to forfeit/to waive one's right to vote/to abdicate
        zhǎngquán, [掌權], to wield (political etc) power/be in power
        quányì, [權益], rights/interests/rights and benefits
        
        kòngzhìquán, [控制權], control (as in "to win control")
        quánshì, [權勢], power/influence
        quánquán, [全權], full powers/total authority/plenipotentiary powers
        nǚquán, [女權], women's rights
        suǒyǒuquán, [所有權], ownership/possession/property rights/title (to property)
        zhíquán, [職權], authority/power over others
        dàquán, [大權], power/authority
        fāyánquán, [發言權], the right of speech
        bǎnquán, [版權], copyright
        Mínquán/mínquán, [民權], Minquan county in Shangqiu 商丘[Shāng qiū], Henan, civil liberties
        quánhéng, [權衡], to consider/to weigh (a matter)/to balance (pros and cons)
        
        chǎnquán, [產權], property right
        jìchéngquán, [繼承權], right of inheritance
        gǔquán, [股權], equity shares/stock right
        tóupiàoquán, [投票權], suffrage/right to vote
        zhǔquán, [主權], sovereignty
        yuèquán, [越權], to go beyond one's authority/arrogation
        gōngmínquán, [公民權], civil rights/citizenship rights
        
        zhǔdòngquán, [主動權], initiative (as in "seize the initiative")/advantageous position that allows one ...
        yǐnsīquán, [隱私權], privacy right
        xuǎnjǔquán, [選舉權], suffrage
        qīnquán, [侵權], to infringe the rights of/to violate/infringement
        duóquán, [奪權], to seize power
        
        
        quányízhījì, [權宜之計], plan of convenience (idiom); stop-gap measure/makeshift stratagem/interim step
        
        tǒngzhìquán, [統治權], sovereignty/dominion/dominance
        quánzhàng, [權杖], scepter
        dāngquán, [當權], to hold power
        qiángquán, [強權], power/might
        dāngquánzhě, [當權者], ruler/those in power/the authorities
        wángquán, [王權], royalty/royal power
        quánguì, [權貴], influential officials/bigwigs
        zhuānlìquán, [專利權], patent right
        
        quánbǐng, [權柄], authority
使         shǐyòngquán, [使用權], usage rights
        zìzhǔquán, [自主權], ability to make one's own decisions
        
        
        lǐngdǎoquán, [領導權], leadership authority
        
        jūliúquán, [居留權], right of abode (law)
        sīfǎquán, [司法權], jurisdiction
        qīquán, [期權], option
        zhàiquánrén, [債權人], creditor
        cuànquán, [篡權], to usurp power
        
        
        bàquán, [霸權], hegemony/supremacy
        tèxǔquán, [特許權], patent/franchise/concession
        
        zhàiquán, [債權], creditor's rights (law)
        fǒujuéquán, [否決權], veto power
        
        
        jíquán, [極權], totalitarian
        cáichǎnquán, [財產權], property rights
        
        jíquánzhǔyì, [極權主義], totalitarianism
        shénquán, [神權], divine right (of kings)
        quánwēixìng, [權威性], authoritative/(having) authority
        quánshù, [權術], art of politics/political tricks (often derog.)/power play/to play at politics/u...
        shěnpànquán, [審判權], jurisdiction/judicial authority
        
        
        zhīpèiquán, [支配權], authority to dispose of sth
        
        
        zhùzuòquán, [著作權], copyright
        
        
        
        
        wéiquán, [維權], to defend (legal) rights
        biǎojuéquán, [表決權], right to vote/vote
        quánwèi, [權位], power and position (politics)
        
        
        fàngquán, [放權], to delegate power/to decentralize
        quánquándàibiǎo, [全權代表], a plenipotentiary (representative)
        
        bīngquán, [兵權], military leadership/military power
        zhēngquánduólì, [爭權奪利], scramble for power and profit (idiom); power struggle
        
        jíquán, [集權], centralized power (history), e.g. under an Emperor or party
        quánnéng, [權能], power
        quánmóu, [權謀], trickery/tactics
        
        
        
        zhōngyāngjíquán, [中央集權], centralized state power
        jiāquán, [加權], (math.) to weight/weighting/weighted (average, index etc)
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        shòuquán, [受權], authorized/entrusted (with authority)
        
        
        
        
        
        huángquán, [皇權], imperial power
        yǒuquán, [有權], to have the right to/to be entitled to/to have authority/powerful
        yǐquánmóusī, [以權謀私], to use one's position for personal gain (idiom)
        
        
        sàngquánrǔguó, [喪權辱國], to forfeit sovereignty and humiliate the country (idiom)/to surrender territory ...
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        quánqiě, [權且], temporarily/for the time being
        
        
        dāngquánpài, [當權派], persons or faction in authority
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        shìquán, [事權], position/authority/responsibility
        
        
        
        
        
        wēiquán, [威權], authority/power
        
        
        

        biàn, [變], to change/to become different/to transform/to vary/rebellion
        gǎibiàn, [改變], to change/to alter/to transform
        biànchéng, [變成], to change into/to turn into/to become
        biàntài, [變態], to metamorphose (biology)/abnormal/perverted/hentai/(slang) pervert
        biànhuà, [變化], change/variation/to change/to vary/CL:個|个[gè]
        zhuǎnbiàn, [轉變], to change/to transform/shift/transformation/CL:個|个[gè]
        biànxíng, [變形], deformation/to become deformed/to change shape/to morph
        biànyì, [變異], variation
        biànxìng, [變性], to denature/denaturation/to have a sex change/transsexual
        biànzhǒng, [變種], mutation/variety/variant
        pànbiàn, [叛變], to defect/to betray/to mutiny
        biàndòng, [變動], to change/to fluctuate/change/fluctuation
        biànwéi, [變為], to change into
        biànhuàn, [變換], to transform/to convert/to vary/to alternate/a transformation
        yǎnbiàn, [演變], to develop/to evolve/development/evolution
        zhèngbiàn, [政變], coup d'état
        biàngé, [變革], to transform/to change
        tūbiàn, [突變], sudden change/mutation
        biànzhì, [變質], to degenerate/to deteriorate/(of food) to go bad/to go off/(geology) metamorphis...
        biànliàng, [變量], variable (math.)
        biàngēng, [變更], to change/to alter/to modify
        yīchéngbùbiàn, [一成不變], nothing much changes (idiom); always the same/stuck in a rut
        biànshù, [變數], variable (math.)
        duōbiàn, [多變], fickle/multi-variate (math.)
        biànyàng, [變樣], to change (appearance)/to change shape
        bìngbiàn, [病變], pathological changes/lesion/diseased (kidney, cornea etc)
        biànsè, [變色], to change color/to discolor/to change countenance/to become angry
        suíjīyìngbiàn, [隨機應變], to change according to the situation (idiom); pragmatic
        biàntōng, [變通], pragmatic/flexible/to act differently in different situations/to accommodate to ...
        biànyāqì, [變壓器], transformer
        tuìbiàn, [蛻變], to transform/to morph/to degenerate/metamorphosis/transmutation/transformation/d...
        biànxìfǎ, [變戲法], to perform conjuring tricks/to conjure/to juggle
        biànguà, [變卦], to change one's mind/to go back on one's word
        jùbiàn, [聚變], fusion (physics)
        biàngù, [變故], an unforeseen event/accident/misfortune
        jùbiàn, [巨變], great changes
        biànmài, [變賣], to sell off (one's property)
        biànqiān, [變遷], changes/vicissitudes
        
        biànsèlóng, [變色龍], (lit. and fig.) chameleon
        biànběnjiālì, [變本加厲], lit. change to more severe (idiom); to become more intense (esp. of shortcoming)...
        biànjié, [變節], betrayal/defection/turncoat/to change sides politically
        yáoshēnyībiàn, [搖身一變], to change shape in a single shake/fig. to take on a new lease of life
        shànbiàn, [善變], fickle/mercurial/changeable/capricious/to be apt to change
        biànxiàng, [變相], in disguised form/covert
        bīngbiàn, [兵變], mutiny/(Tw) to be dumped by one's girlfriend while serving in the army
        biànsùqì, [變速器], gearbox/speed changer/gear
        lièbiàn, [裂變], fission
        biànhuàn, [變幻], to change irregularly/to fluctuate
        shùnxīwànbiàn, [瞬息萬變], in an instant a myriad changes (idiom); rapid substantial change
        biànxīn, [變心], to cease to be faithful
        yìngbiàn, [應變], to meet a contingency/to adapt oneself to changes
        biànliǎn, [變臉], to turn hostile suddenly/face changing, a device of Sichuan Opera, a dramatic ch...
        biànhuànmòcè, [變幻莫測], to change unpredictably/unpredictable/erratic/treacherous
        
        qíngbiàn, [情變], loss of love/breakup of a relationship
        biànxíngchóng, [變形蟲], amoeba
        
        biàndiào, [變調], tone sandhi/modified tone/(music) to change key/modulation
        shuāibiàn, [衰變], radioactive decay
        biànsù, [變速], to change speed/to shift gear/variable-speed
        shìbiàn, [事變], incident/unforeseen event/events (in general)
        jùbiàn, [劇變], to change dramatically/radical change
        áibiàn, [癌變], to become cancerous/transformation to malignancy (of body cells)
        xíngbiàn, [形變], deformation/bending
        qiānbiànwànhuà, [千變萬化], countless changes/constant permutation
        qiēbiàn, [切變], shear (physics)
        chǔbiànbùjīng, [處變不驚], to remain calm in the face of events (idiom)
        biànhuàduōduān, [變化多端], changeable/changing/varied/full of changes
        zhìbiàn, [質變], qualitative change/fundamental change
        biànhuàmòcè, [變化莫測], unpredictable/changeable
        zhòubiàn, [驟變], abrupt change/sudden discontinuity
        
        
        
        kěbiàn, [可變], variable
        
        shànbiàn, [嬗變], transmutation
        biàndiànzhàn, [變電站], (transformer) substation
        fēngyúnbiànhuàn, [風雲變幻], changeable situation (idiom)
        
        biànsùxiāng, [變速箱], gearbox/transmission
        huábiàn, [嘩變], mutiny/rebellion
        
        hélièbiàn, [核裂變], atomic fission/nuclear fission/fission
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        yīnbiàn, [音變], phonetic change
        biànzòuqǔ, [變奏曲], variation (music)
        
        jiànbiàn, [漸變], gradual change
        biànsùgǎn, [變速桿], gear lever/stick shift
        jībiàn, [畸變], distortion/aberration
        yǎnbiàn, [衍變], to develop/to evolve
        liàngbiàn, [量變], quantitative change
        biànfǎ, [變法], to change the laws/political reform/unconventional method
        
        
        hūnbiàn, [婚變], marriage upheaval (infidelity, divorce etc)/marriage breakup
        biàntiān, [變天], to undergo change in weather/restoration of reactionary rule or the previous reg...
        
        
        
        cǎnbiàn, [慘變], disastrous turn/tragic event
        
        
        biànliúqì, [變流器], converter
        wànbiànbùlíqízōng, [萬變不離其宗], many superficial changes but no departure from the original stand (idiom); plus ...
        biànde, [變得], to become
        tánhǔsèbiàn, [談虎色變], to turn pale at the mention of a tiger (idiom)/to be scared at the mere mention ...
        
        biànzhìyán, [變質岩], metamorphic rock (geology)

        chǔlǐ, [處理], to handle/to treat/to deal with/to process/to deal with a criminal case/to mete ...
        lǐjiě, to comprehend/to understand/comprehension/understanding
        lǐyóu, reason/grounds/justification/CL:個|个[gè]
        xīnlǐ, psychology/mentality
        jīnglǐ, [經理], manager/director/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi],名[míng]
        lǐ, texture/grain (of wood)/inner essence/intrinsic order/reason/logic/truth/science...
        dàoli, reason/argument/sense/principle/basis/justification/CL:個|个[gè]
        
        lǐlùn, [理論], theory/CL:個|个[gè]/to argue/to take notice of
        qīnglǐ, to clear up/to tidy up/to dispose of
        guǎnlǐ, to supervise/to manage/to administer/management/administration/CL:個|个[gè]
        zhùlǐ, assistant
        hélǐ, rational/reasonable/fair
        zhěnglǐ, to arrange/to tidy up/to sort out/to straighten out/to list systematically/to co...
        lǐzhì, reason/intellect/rationality/rational
        lǐxiǎng, an ideal/a dream/ideal/perfect
        xiūlǐ, to repair/to fix/to prune/to trim/(coll.) to sort sb out/to fix sb
        dàilǐ, to act on behalf of sb in a responsible position/to act as an agent or proxy/sur...
        wùlǐ, physics/physical
        xīnlǐxué, [心理學], psychology
        zhēnlǐ, truth/CL:個|个[gè]
        guǎnlǐyuán, [管理員], manager/administrator
        hùlǐ, [護理], to nurse/to tend and protect
        shēnglǐ, physiology
        Lǐchádé, Richard (name)
        lǐxìng, reason/rationality/rational
        lǐniàn, idea/concept/philosophy/theory
        lǐhuì, [理會], to understand/to pay attention to/to take notice of
        
        dàilǐrén, agent
        lǐsuǒdāngrán, [理所當然], as it should be by rights (idiom); proper and to be expected as a matter of cour...
        shěnlǐ, [審理], to hear (a case)
        tuīlǐ, reasoning/inference/to infer/to deduce
        yuánlǐ, principle/theory
        zǒnglǐ, [總理], premier/prime minister/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi],名[míng]
        dìlǐ, geography
        liàolǐ, to arrange/to handle/to cook/cuisine/art of cooking
        lǐfà, [理髮], a barber/hairdressing
        bùkělǐyù, to be impervious to reason (idiom)/unreasonable
        lǐyīng, [理應], should/ought to
        lǐfàdiàn, [理髮店], barbershop/hairdresser's/CL:家[jiā]
        lǐfàshī, [理髮師], barber
        wùlǐxuéjiā, [物理學家], physicist
        wúlǐ, [無理], irrational/unreasonable
        bànlǐ, [辦理], to handle/to transact/to conduct
        chánglǐ, common sense/conventional reasoning and morals
        qínglǐ, reason/sense
        dàlǐshí, marble
        zhìzhībùlǐ, to pay no heed to (idiom)/to ignore/to brush aside
        lǐcǎi, to heed/to pay attention to
        lǐliáo, [理療], physiotherapy
        dāli, variant of 答理[dā li]
        héqínghélǐ, reasonable and fair (idiom)
        lǐshìhuì, [理事會], council
        wúlǐqǔnào, [無理取鬧], to make trouble without reason (idiom); to be deliberately provocative
        Lǐchá, Richard (name)
        
        wùlǐxué, [物理學], physics
        bùlǐ, to refuse to acknowledge/to pay no attention to/to take no notice of/to ignore
        lúnlǐ, [倫理], ethics
        zǒngjīnglǐ, [總經理], general manager/CEO
        
        chǔlǐqì, [處理器], processor
        tiáolǐ, [條理], arrangement/order/tidiness
        lǐcái, [理財], financial management/finance
        shūlǐ, to comb/fig. to sort out
        shòulǐ, to accept to hear a case/to handle (a service)
        tōngqíngdálǐ, [通情達理], fair and reasonable (idiom); sensible/standing to reason
        
        jiǎnglǐ, [講理], to argue/to reason with sb/to talk sense/to be reasonable
        zhìlǐ, to govern/to administer/to manage/to control/governance
        
        dàilǐshāng, agent
        
        xiūlǐchǎng, [修理廠], repair shop
        zàilǐ, reasonable/sensible
        
        lǐkē, the sciences (as opposed to the humanities 文科[wén kē])
        xīnānlǐdé, to have a clear conscience/to have no qualms about sth
        bìnglǐxué, [病理學], pathology
        dàdàoli, major principle/general truth/sermon (reproof)/bombastic talk
        
        
        dìnglǐ, established theory/theorem (math.)
        
        lǐpéi, [理賠], to settle a claim/claims settlement/payment of claims
        tiānlǐ, Heaven's law/the natural order of things
        shùnlǐchéngzhāng, [順理成章], logical/only to be expected/rational and clearly structured (of text)
        bìnglǐ, pathology
        lǐshùn, [理順], to straighten out/to sort out/to organize
        
        shēnglǐxué, [生理學], physiology
        zhélǐ, philosophic theory/philosophy
        guǎnlǐrén, supervisor/manager/administrator
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        ànlǐshuō, [按理說], it is reasonable to say that...
        hélǐxìng, reason/rationality/rationale/reasonableness
        shìlǐ, reason/logic
        lǐshì, member of council
        
        
        wénlǐ, [紋理], vein lines (in marble or fingerprint)/grain (in wood etc)
        lǐxiǎnghuà, to idealize
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        wēichǔlǐqì, [微處理器], microprocessor
        hélǐhuà, to rationalize/to make compatible/to streamline/rationalization
        zìlǐ, to take care of oneself/to provide for oneself
        
        Lǐxué/lǐxué, [理學], School of Principle/Neo-Confucian Rationalistic School (from Song to mid-Qing ti...
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        lúnlǐxué, [倫理學], ethics
        liánlǐ, [連理], two trees that grow together as one/fig. conjugal union
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        zhìlǐmíngyán, wise saying/words of wisdom
        
        dìlǐxué, [地理學], geography
        zhàolǐ, according to reason/usually/in the normal course of events/to attend to
        qiǎngcíduólǐ, [強詞奪理], to twist words and force logic (idiom)/sophistry/loud rhetoric making up for fal...
        lǐlùnjiā, [理論家], theorist/theoretician
        wāilǐ, fallacious reasoning/preposterous argument
        jùlǐlìzhēng, [據理力爭], to contend on strong grounds/to argue strongly for what is right
        lǐshìzhǎng, [理事長], director general
        
        dúlǐxué, [毒理學], toxicology
        shāngtiānhàilǐ, [傷天害理], to offend Heaven and reason (idiom); bloody atrocities that cry to heaven/outrag...
        gōnglǐ, axiom (in logic)/axiomatic
        yàolǐ, [藥理], pharmacology
        yàolǐxué, [藥理學], pharmacology
        nìfǎnxīnlǐ, reverse psychology
        
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        pínglǐ, [評理], to judge between right and wrong/to reason things out
        
        jīlǐ, [機理], mechanism
        yǒulǐ, reasonable/justified/right/(math.) rational
        lǐdāng, [理當], should/ought
        lǐjiělì, ability to grasp ideas/understanding
        mánbùjiǎnglǐ, [蠻不講理], completely unreasonable
        ànlǐ, according to reason/in the ordinary course of events/normally
        màntiáosīlǐ, [慢條斯理], unhurried/calm/composed/leisurely
        
        
        
        
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        héwùlǐ, nuclear physics
        tiáolǐ, [調理], to nurse one's health/to recuperate/to take care of/to look after/to discipline/...
        
        Lǐxiǎngguó/lǐxiǎngguó, [理想國], Plato's "The Republic" (c. 380 BC), ideal state/utopia
        
        ĀnLǐhuì, [安理會], (United Nations) Security Council
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        gōugǔdìnglǐ, Pythagorean theorem
        
        
        
        
        lǐgōng, science and engineering as academic subjects
        mínglǐ, sensible/reasonable/an obvious reason, truth or fact/to understand the reason or...
        lùnlǐ, [論理], normally/as things should be/by rights/to reason things out/logic
        
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        shuōlǐ, [說理], to reason/to argue logically
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        dāli, to acknowledge/to respond/to answer/to pay attention/to heed/to deal with
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        fǎlǐ, legal principle/jurisprudence
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        guǎnlǐxué, [管理學], management studies
        
        
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        yǒutiáoyǒulǐ, [有條有理], everything clear and orderly (idiom); neat and tidy
        
        
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        yǒulǐshù, [有理數], rational number (i.e. fraction of two integers, math.)
        
        
        lǐzhíqìzhuàng, [理直氣壯], in the right and self-confident (idiom); bold and confident with justice on one'...
        wúlǐshù, [無理數], irrational number
        
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        yīlǐ, [醫理], medical knowledge/principles of medical science
        
        
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        wùlǐliáofǎ, [物理療法], physiotherapy/physical therapy
        
        
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        shùlǐ, [數理], mathematical sciences
        
        
        
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        rèchǔlǐ, [熱處理], hot treatment (e.g. of metal)
        
        xiélǐ, [協理], assistant manager/to cooperate in managing
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        yuèlǐ, [樂理], music theory
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        lǐkuī, [理虧], in the wrong
        
        
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        Dàlǐ/dàlǐ, Dali Bai autonomous prefecture 大理白族自治州 in Yunnan, judicial officer/justice of th...
        
        
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        guǎnlǐzhàn, management station
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        Lǐchásēn, Richardson (name)
        
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        wénlǐ, arts and sciences
        
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        jīlǐ, texture (of skin, surface etc)
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        shūlǐ, to clarify (disparate material into a coherent narrative)/to marshal an argument
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        wùlǐhuàxué, [物理化學], physical chemistry
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        àilǐbùlǐ, [愛理不理], to look cold and indifferent/standoffish
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        lǐhuà, physical and chemical
        
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        Tónglǐ/tónglǐ, Tongli, a city in Jiangsu Province, China, for the same reason
        
        
        
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        tǎolùn, [討論], to discuss/to talk over/CL:個|个[gè]
        wúlùn, [無論], no matter what or how/regardless of whether...
        tánlùn, [談論], to discuss/to talk about
        lǐlùn, [理論], theory/CL:個|个[gè]/to argue/to take notice of
        wúlùnrúhé, [無論如何], whatever the case/in any event/no matter what/by all possible means
        bùlùn, [不論], whatever/no matter what (who, how etc)/regardless of/not to discuss
        pínglùn, [評論], to comment on/to discuss/comment/commentary/CL:篇[piān]
        jiélùn, [結論], conclusion/verdict/CL:個|个[gè]/to conclude/to reach a verdict
        lùnwén, [論文], paper/treatise/thesis/CL:篇[piān]/to discuss a paper or thesis (old)
        zhēnglùn, [爭論], to argue/to debate/to contend/argument/contention/controversy/debate/CL:次[cì],場|...
        
        biànlùn, [辯論], debate/argument/to argue over/CL:場|场[chǎng],次[cì]
        Lún/lùn, [論], abbr. for 論語|论语[Lún yǔ], The Analects (of Confucius), opinion/view/theory/doctri...
        yánlùn, [言論], expression of opinion/views/remarks/arguments
        yìlùn, [議論], to comment/to talk about/to discuss/discussion/CL:個|个[gè]
        dìnglùn, [定論], final conclusion/accepted argument
        
        lùntán, [論壇], forum (for discussion)
        tuīlùn, [推論], to infer/inference/corollary/reasoned conclusion
        xiāngtíbìnglùn, [相提並論], to discuss two disparate things together (idiom); to mention on equal terms/to p...
        pínglùnjiā, [評論家], critic/reviewer
        yúlùn, [輿論], public opinion
        lùndiǎn, [論點], argument/line of reasoning/thesis/point (of discussion)
        
        wúshénlùn, [無神論], atheism
        
        
        tǎolùnhuì, [討論會], symposium/discussion forum
        lùnjù, [論據], grounds (for an argument)/contention/thesis
        lìngdāngbiélùn, [另當別論], to treat differently/another cup of tea
        píngtóulùnzú, [評頭論足], lit. to assess the head and discuss the feet (idiom); minute criticism of a woma...
        miùlùn, [謬論], misconception/fallacy
        lùnzhèng, [論證], to prove a point/to expound on/to demonstrate or prove (through argument)/proof
        jìnhuàlùn, [進化論], Darwin's theory of evolution
        shèlùn, [社論], editorial (in a newspaper)/CL:篇[piān]
        pǐntóulùnzú, [品頭論足], lit. to assess the head and discuss the feet (idiom); minute criticism of a woma...
        lùnduàn, [論斷], to infer/to judge/inference/judgment/conclusion
        jiùshìlùnshì, [就事論事], to discuss sth on its own merits/to judge the matter as it stands
        
        yìlùnfēnfēn, [議論紛紛], to discuss spiritedly (idiom)/tongues are wagging
        lùndiào, [論調], argument/view (sometimes derogatory)
        bóyìlùn, [博弈論], game theory
        xiāngduìlùn, [相對論], theory of relativity
        bèilùn, [悖論], paradox (logic)
        gāotánkuòlùn, [高談闊論], to harangue/loud arrogant talk/to spout
        lǐlùnjiā, [理論家], theorist/theoretician
        lùntí, [論題], topic
        lùnshù, [論述], treatise/discourse/exposition
        
        
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        jíhélùn, [集合論], set theory (math.)
        píngxīnérlùn, [平心而論], to be honest, ...
        
        shùlùn, [數論], number theory (math.)
        lùnzhàn, [論戰], to debate/to contend/polemics
        lùnlǐ, [論理], normally/as things should be/by rights/to reason things out/logic
        
        liàngzǐlùn, [量子論], quantum theory (physics)
        zhènglùn, [政論], political commentary
        lùnjí, [論及], to make reference to/to write about
        yīgàiérlùn, [一概而論], to lump different matters together (idiom)
        gāolùn, [高論], enlightening remarks (honorific)/brilliant views
        
        kòngzhìlùn, [控制論], control theory (math.)/cybernetics
        gōnglùn, [公論], public opinion
        juédìnglùn, [決定論], determinism
        fāngfǎlùn, [方法論], methodology/Discours de la méthode by René Descartes 笛卡兒|笛卡儿[Dí kǎ ér], 1637
宿         sùmìnglùn, [宿命論], fatalism/fatalistic
        sānduànlùn, [三段論], syllogism (deduction in logic)
        
        lùnzhēng, [論爭], argument/debate/controversy
        
        lùnzhù, [論著], treatise/study
        
        dǎolùn, [導論], introduction
        
        
        Zīběnlùn, [資本論], Das Kapital (1867) by Karl Marx 卡爾·馬克思|卡尔·马克思[Kǎ ěr · Mǎ kè sī]
        běntǐlùn, [本體論], ontology
        rènshilùn, [認識論], epistemology (in philosophy, the theory of how we know things)
        
        gàiguānlùndìng, [蓋棺論定], don't pass judgment on a person's life until the lid is on the coffin (idiom)
        Lúnyǔ, [論語], The Analects of Confucius 孔子[Kǒng zǐ]
        
        gàilùn, [概論], outline/introduction/survey/general discussion
        
        wéixīnlùn, [唯心論], philosophy of idealism, the doctrine that external reality is a product of consc...
        lìlùn, [立論], proposition/argument
        gàilǜlùn, [概率論], probability (math.)
        liàngzǐchǎnglùn, [量子場論], quantum field theory
        
        zhēnglùndiǎn, [爭論點], contention
        
        
        qítánguàilùn, [奇談怪論], strange tales and absurd arguments (idiom)/unreasonable remarks
        yǒushénlùn, [有神論], theism (the belief in the existence of God)
        
        jiǎnglùn, [講論], to discuss
        
        
        duōyuánlùn, [多元論], pluralism, philosophical doctrine that the universe consists of different substa...
        

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