可以 kěyǐ, can/may/possible/able to/not bad/pretty good 所以 suǒyǐ, therefore/as a result/so/the reason why 以为 yǐwéi, [以為], to think (i.e. to take it to be true that ...) (Usually there is an implication ... 以 yǐ/Yǐ, [㕥]/[㠯], old variant of 以[yǐ], old variant of 以[yǐ], abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yǐ sè liè], to ... 以前 yǐqián, before/formerly/previous/ago 以后 yǐhòu, [以後], after/later/afterwards/following/later on/in the future 以及 yǐjí, as well as/too/and 难以置信 nányǐzhìxìn, [難以置信], hard to believe/incredible 以来 yǐlái, [以來], since (a previous event) 难以 nányǐ, [難以], hard to (predict, imagine etc) 以外 yǐwài, apart from/other than/except for/external/outside of/on the other side of/beyond 以下 yǐxià, that level or lower/that amount or less/the following 之所以 zhīsuǒyǐ, the reason why 足以 zúyǐ, sufficient to.../so much so that/so that 以上 yǐshàng, that level or higher/that amount or more/the above-mentioned/(used to indicate t... 有史以来 yǒushǐyǐlái, [有史以來], since the beginning of history 以防万一 yǐfángwànyī, [以防萬一], to guard against the unexpected (idiom); just in case/prepared for any eventuali... 以色列 Yǐsèliè, Israel 以便 yǐbiàn, so that/so as to/in order to 以往 yǐwǎng, in the past/formerly 全力以赴 quánlìyǐfù, to do at all costs/to make an all-out effort 以至于 yǐzhìyú, [以至於], down to/up to/to the extent that... 自以为是 zìyǐwéishì, [自以為是], to believe oneself infallible (idiom)/to be opinionated 得以 déyǐ, able to/so that sb can/enabling/in order to/finally in a position to/with sth in... 以免 yǐmiǎn, in order to avoid/so as not to 梦寐以求 mèngmèiyǐqiú, [夢寐以求], to yearn for sth even in one's dreams (idiom)/to long for sth day and night 以此 yǐcǐ, with this/thereby/thus/because of this 以内 yǐnèi, [以內], within/less than 拭目以待 shìmùyǐdài, lit. to wipe one's eyes and wait (idiom); to wait and see 绳之以法 shéngzhīyǐfǎ, [繩之以法], to punish according to the law/to bring to justice 加以 jiāyǐ, in addition/moreover/(used before a disyllabic verb to indicate that the action ... 以牙还牙 yǐyáhuányá, [以牙還牙], a tooth for a tooth (retaliation) 难以忍受 nányǐrěnshòu, [難以忍受], hard to endure/unbearable 以致 yǐzhì, to such an extent as to/down to/up to 致以 zhìyǐ, to express/to present/to extend/to tender (greetings, thanks etc) 数以千计 shùyǐqiānjì, [數以千計], thousands (of sth) 难以启齿 nányǐqǐchǐ, [難以啟齒], to be too embarrassed to mention sth (idiom)/to find it hard to speak about sth 坐以待毙 zuòyǐdàibì, [坐以待斃], to sit and wait for death (idiom); resigned to one's fate 有生以来 yǒushēngyǐlái, [有生以來], since birth/for one's whole life 以防 yǐfáng, (so as) to avoid/to prevent/(just) in case 如愿以偿 rúyuànyǐcháng, [如願以償], to have one's wish fulfilled 予以 yǔyǐ, to give/to impose/to apply 习以为常 xíyǐwéicháng, [習以為常], accustomed to/used to 以西 yǐxī, to the west of (suffix) 夜以继日 yèyǐjìrì, [夜以繼日], night and day (idiom); continuous strenuous effort 用以 yòngyǐ, in order to/so as to 以南 yǐnán, to the south of (suffix) 何以 héyǐ, (literary) why/how 以至 yǐzhì, down to/up to/to such an extent as to .../also written 以至於|以至于[yǐ zhì yú] 以北 yǐběi, to the north of (suffix) 数以百计 shùyǐbǎijì, [數以百計], hundreds of 赖以 làiyǐ, [賴以], to rely on/to depend on 掉以轻心 diàoyǐqīngxīn, [掉以輕心], treat sth lightly/to lower one's guard 除以 chúyǐ, (math.) divided by 引以为荣 yǐnyǐwéiróng, [引以為榮], to regard it as an honor (idiom) 是以 shìyǐ, therefore/thus/so 以东 yǐdōng, [以東], to the east of (suffix) 数以万计 shùyǐwànjì, [數以萬計], tens of thousands/numerous 以身作则 yǐshēnzuòzé, [以身作則], to set an example (idiom); to serve as a model 长期以来 chángqīyǐlái, [長期以來], ever since a long time ago 以泪洗面 yǐlèixǐmiàn, [以淚洗面], to bathe one's face in tears (idiom) 不以为然 bùyǐwéirán, [不以為然], not to accept as correct (idiom); to object/to disapprove/to take exception to 忘乎所以 wànghūsuǒyǐ, to get carried away/to forget oneself 以毒攻毒 yǐdúgōngdú, to cure ills with poison (TCM)/to fight evil with evil/set a thief to catch a th... 嗤之以鼻 chīzhīyǐbí, to snort disdainfully/to scoff at/to turn up one's nose 以身试法 yǐshēnshìfǎ, [以身試法], to challenge the law (idiom)/to knowingly violate the law 自古以来 zìgǔyǐlái, [自古以來], since ancient times 无以复加 wúyǐfùjiā, [無以復加], in the extreme (idiom)/incapable of further increase 无言以对 wúyányǐduì, [無言以對], to be left speechless/unable to respond 持之以恒 chízhīyǐhéng, [持之以恆], to pursue unremittingly (idiom); to persevere 相濡以沫 xiāngrúyǐmò, to moisten with spittle (idiom); sharing meager resources/mutual help in humble ... 学以致用 xuéyǐzhìyòng, [學以致用], to study sth to apply it/study for practical applications 所以然 suǒyǐrán, the reason why 翘首以待 qiáoshǒuyǐdài, [翹首以待], to hold one's breath (in anticipation) (idiom)/to anxiously await 以期 yǐqī, in order to/hoping to/attempting to/waiting for 报以 bàoyǐ, [報以], to give in return 以儆效尤 yǐjǐngxiàoyóu, in order to warn against following bad examples (idiom)/as a warning to others 以色列人 Yǐsèlièrén, Israelite/Israeli 数以亿计 shùyǐyìjì, [數以億計], countless/innumerable 给以 gěiyǐ, [給以], to give/to grant 以偏概全 yǐpiāngàiquán, (lit.) to take a part for the whole/to generalize 以此类推 yǐcǐlèituī, [以此類推], and so on/in a similar fashion 以军 yǐjūn, [以軍], Israeli soldiers 以柔克刚 yǐróukègāng, [以柔克剛], to use softness to conquer strength (idiom) 以讹传讹 yǐéchuáné, [以訛傳訛], to spread falsehoods/to increasingly distort the truth/to pile errors on top of ... 以次 yǐcì, in the proper order/the following 民以食为天 mínyǐshíwéitiān, [民以食為天], Food is the God of the people. (idiom); People view food as the primary need./Fo... 以弗所 Yǐfúsuǒ, Ephesus, city of ancient Greece 授人以柄 shòurényǐbǐng, to hand someone the swordhilt (idiom)/to give someone a hold on oneself 辅以 fǔyǐ, [輔以], supplemented by/accompanied by/with 以权谋私 yǐquánmóusī, [以權謀私], to use one's position for personal gain (idiom) 以史为鉴 yǐshǐwéijiàn, [以史為鑒], to learn from history (idiom) 以逸待劳 yǐyìdàiláo, [以逸待勞], to wait at one's ease for the exhausted enemy/to nurture one's strength and bide... 聊以自慰 liáoyǐzìwèi, to find some consolation (idiom)/to find relief in 宽以待人 kuānyǐdàirén, [寬以待人], to be lenient with others (idiom) 一则以喜，一则以忧 yīzéyǐxǐ,yīzéyǐyōu, [一則以喜，一則以憂], happy on the one hand, but worried on the other (idiom) 一直以来 yīzhíyǐlái, [一直以來], in the past always/for a long time now/until now 一言以蔽之 yīyányǐbìzhī, one word says it all (idiom, from Analects); to cut a long story short/in a nuts... 不以为意 bùyǐwéiyì, [不以為意], not to mind/unconcerned 不以人废言 bùyǐrénfèiyán, [不以人廢言], not to reject a word because of the speaker (idiom, from Analects); to judge on ... 不以物喜，不以己悲 bùyǐwùxǐ,bùyǐjǐbēi, not to become attached to material things, not to pity oneself 不以规矩，不能成方圆 bùyǐguīju,bùnéngchéngfāngyuán, [不以規矩，不能成方圓], without rules, nothing can be done (idiom, from Mencius); one must follow some r... 不以词害志 bùyǐcíhàizhì, [不以詞害誌], don't let rhetoric spoil the message (idiom); don't get carried away with flower... 不以辞害志 bùyǐcíhàizhì, [不以辭害志], don't let rhetoric spoil the message (idiom); don't get carried away with flower... 不可以 bùkěyǐ, may not 不知所以 bùzhīsuǒyǐ, to not know the reason/to not know what to do 严以律己 yǎnyǐlǜjǐ, [嚴以律己], to be strict with oneself (idiom)/to demand a lot of oneself 严以责己宽以待人 yányǐzéjǐkuānyǐdàirén, [嚴以責己寬以待人], to be severe with oneself and lenient with others (idiom) 乘以 chéngyǐ, (math.) multiplied with 习以成俗 xíyǐchéngsú, [習以成俗], to become accustomed to sth through long practice 习以成性 xíyǐchéngxìng, [習以成性], deeply ingrained/steeped in 予以照顾 yǔyǐzhàogù, [予以照顧], to ask sb to carefully consider a request (idiom) 交换以太网络 jiāohuànyǐtàiwǎngluò, [交換以太網絡], switched Ethernet 他山之石可以攻玉 tāshānzhīshíkěyǐgōngyù, lit. the other mountain's stone can polish jade (idiom); to improve oneself by a... 代之以 dàizhīyǐ, (has been) replaced with/(its) place has been taken by 以一驭万 yǐyīyùwàn, [以一馭萬], to control a key point is to be master of the situation (idiom) 以下犯上 yǐxiàfànshàng, to disrespect one's superiors/to offend one's elders 以人为本 yǐrénwéiběn, [以人為本], people-oriented 以人名命名 yǐrénmíngmìngmíng, to name sth after a person/named after/eponymous 以人废言 yǐrénfèiyán, [以人廢言], to reject a word because of the speaker (idiom, from Analects); to judge on pref... 以亿计 yǐyìjì, [以億計], to number in the thousands 以债养债 yǐzhàiyǎngzhài, [以債養債], debt nurtures more debt (idiom) 以免借口 yǐmiǎnjièkǒu, [以免藉口], to remove sth that could be used as a pretext (idiom) 以利于 yǐlìyú, [以利於], for the sake of/in order to 以利亚 Yǐlìyà, [以利亞], Elijah (Old Testament prophet) 以利亚撒 Yǐlìyàsǎ, [以利亞撒], Eleazar (son of Eluid) 以利亚敬 Yǐlìyàjìng, [以利亞敬], Eliakim (name, Hebrew: God will raise up)/Eliakim, servant of the Lord in Isaiah... 以华制华 yǐhuázhìhuá, [以華制華], use Chinese collaborators to subdue the Chinese (imperialist policy) 以卵击石 yǐluǎnjīshí, [以卵擊石], lit. to strike a stone with egg (idiom); to attempt the impossible/to invite dis... 以叙 YǐXù, [以敘], Israel-Syria 以和为贵 yǐhéwéiguì, [以和為貴], harmony is to be prized 以埃 YǐĀi, Israel-Egypt 以备不测 yǐbèibùcè, [以備不測], to be prepared for accidents 以太 yǐtài, Ether- 以太坊 Yǐtàifáng, Ethereum 以太网 Yǐtàiwǎng, [以太網], Ethernet 以太网络 Yǐtàiwǎngluò, [以太網絡], Ethernet 以太网络端口 yǐtàiwǎngluòduānkǒu, [以太網絡端口], Ethernet port 以太网路 Yǐtàiwǎnglù, [以太網路], Ethernet 以失败而告终 yǐshībàiérgàozhōng, [以失敗而告終], to succeed through failure/to achieve one's final aim despite apparent setback 以夷制夷 yǐyízhìyí, to use foreigners to subdue foreigners (idiom); let the barbarians fight it out ... 以子之矛，攻子之盾 yǐzǐzhīmáo,gōngzǐzhīdùn, lit. use sb's spear to attack his shield (idiom, derived from Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子)... 以小挤大 yǐxiǎojǐdà, [以小擠大], minor projects eclipse major ones (idiom) 以少胜多 yǐshǎoshèngduō, [以少勝多], using the few to defeat the many (idiom); to win from a position of weakness 以工代赈 yǐgōngdàizhèn, [以工代賑], to provide work to relieve poverty 以弗所书 Yǐfúsuǒshū, [以弗所書], Epistle of St Paul to the Ephesians 以弱胜强 yǐruòshèngqiáng, [以弱勝強], using the weak to defeat the strong (idiom); to win from a position of weakness 以强凌弱 yǐqiánglíngruò, [以強凌弱], to use one's strength to bully the weak (idiom) 以律 Yǐlǜ, Eluid (son of Achim) 以德报怨 yǐdébàoyuàn, [以德報怨], to return good for evil (idiom)/to requite evil with good 以慎为键 yǐshènwéijiàn, [以慎為鍵], to take caution as the key (idiom); to proceed very carefully 以撒 Yǐsǎ, Isaac (son of Abraham) 以斯帖 Yǐsītiě, Esther (name) 以斯帖记 Yǐsītiějì, [以斯帖記], Book of Esther 以斯拉记 YǐsīlāJì, [以斯拉記], Book of Ezra 以暴制暴 yǐbàozhìbào, to use violence to curb violence 以暴易暴 yǐbàoyìbào, to replace one tyranny by another/to use violence against violence 以本人名 yǐběnrénmíng, under one's own name/named after oneself 以权压法 yǐquányāfǎ, [以權壓法], to abuse power to crush the law 以此为 yǐcǐwéi, [以此為], to regard as/to treat as 以死明志 yǐsǐmíngzhì, to demonstrate one's sincerity by dying 以求 yǐqiú, in order to 以汤沃沸 yǐtāngwòfèi, [以湯沃沸], to manage a situation badly (idiom) 以法莲 Yǐfǎlián, [以法蓮], Ephraim (city) 以物易物 yǐwùyìwù, to barter/barter 以直报怨，以德报德 yǐzhíbàoyuàn,yǐdébàodé, [以直報怨，以德報德], to repay kindness with kindness, and repay enmity with justice (idiom, from Anal... 以眦睚杀人 yǐzìyáshārén, [以眥睚殺人], to kill sb for a trifle 以眼还眼 yǐyǎnhuányǎn, [以眼還眼], an eye for an eye (idiom); fig. to use the enemy's methods against him/to give s... 以眼还眼，以牙还牙 yǐyǎnhuányǎn,yǐyáhuányá, [以眼還眼，以牙還牙], an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth (idiom)/fig. to use the enemy's methods a... 以示警戒 yǐshìjǐngjiè, to serve as a warning (idiom) 以礼相待 yǐlǐxiāngdài, [以禮相待], to treat sb with due respect (idiom) 以老大自居 yǐlǎodàzìjū, regarding oneself as number one in terms of leadership, seniority or status 以致于 yǐzhìyú, [以致於], so that/to the point that 以药养医 yǐyàoyǎngyī, [以藥養醫], "drugs serving to nourish doctors", perceived problem in PRC medical practice 以虚带实 yǐxūdàishí, [以虛帶實], to let correct ideology guide practical work (idiom) 以西结书 Yǐxījiéshū, [以西結書], Book of Ezekiel 以言代法 yǐyándàifǎ, to substitute one's words for the law (idiom); high-handedly putting one's order... 以言代法，以权压法 yǐyándàifǎ,yǐquányāfǎ, [以言代法，以權壓法], to substitute one's words for the law and abuse power to crush it (idiom); compl... 以貌取人 yǐmàoqǔrén, to judge sb by appearances (idiom) 以资 yǐzī, [以資], by way of/to serve as 以资证明 yǐzīzhèngmíng, [以資證明], in support or witness hereof (idiom) 以赛亚书 Yǐsàiyàshū, [以賽亞書], Book of Isaiah 以身报国 yǐshēnbàoguó, [以身報國], to give one's body for the nation (idiom); to spend one's whole life in the serv... 以身抵债 yǐshēndǐzhài, [以身抵債], forced labor to repay a debt 以身相许 yǐshēnxiāngxǔ, [以身相許], to give one's heart to/to devote one's life to 以身许国 yǐshēnxǔguó, [以身許國], to dedicate oneself to the cause of one's country (idiom) 以邻为壑 yǐlínwéihè, [以鄰為壑], to use one's neighbor as a drain/to shift one's problems onto others (idiom) 以降 yǐjiàng, since (some point in the past) 以飨读者 yǐxiǎngdúzhě, [以饗讀者], for the benefit of the reader 以马内利 yǐmǎnèilì, [以馬內利], Emanuel 但以理书 Dànyǐlǐshū, [但以理書], Book of Daniel 何以见得 héyǐjiàndé, [何以見得], how can one be sure? 信以为真 xìnyǐwéizhēn, [信以為真], to take sth to be true 俭以养廉 jiǎnyǐyǎnglián, [儉以養廉], frugality makes honesty (idiom) 俭以防匮 jiǎnyǐfángkuì, [儉以防匱], frugality in order to prevent destitution (idiom) 借以 jièyǐ, so as to/for the purpose of/in order to 冠以 guànyǐ, to label/to call 力足以做 lìzúyǐzuò, afford/able to 努力以赴 nǔlìyǐfù, to use one's best efforts to do sth (idiom) 半以上 bànyǐshàng, more than half 半数以上 bànshùyǐshàng, [半數以上], more than half 可以意会，不可言传 kěyǐyìhuì,bùkěyánchuán, [可以意會，不可言傳], can be understood, but not described (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子); mysterious an... 夏虫不可以语冰 xiàchóngbùkěyǐyǔbīng, [夏蟲不可以語冰], a summer insect cannot discuss ice (idiom) 夙愿以偿 sùyuànyǐcháng, [夙願以償], a long-cherished ambition is realized 失之毫厘，差以千里 shīzhīháolí,chàyǐqiānlǐ, [失之毫釐，差以千里], a tiny lapse can lead to a huge mistake (idiom); a minor discrepancy leading to ... 失之毫厘，谬以千里 shīzhīháolí,miùyǐqiānlǐ, [失之毫厘，謬以千里], a tiny lapse can lead to a huge mistake (idiom); a minor discrepancy leading to ... 好整以暇 hàozhěngyǐxiá, to be calm and unruffled in the midst of chaos or at a busy time (idiom) 孜孜以求 zīzīyǐqiú, diligent and tireless (idiom) 差之毫厘，谬以千里 chāzhīháolí,miùyǐqiānlǐ, [差之毫釐，謬以千里], the slightest difference leads to a huge error (idiom)/a miss is as good as a mi... 巴以 BāYǐ, Palestinian-Israeli (relations) 师夷长技以制夷 shīyíchángjìyǐzhìyí, [師夷長技以制夷], "learn from the foreigners in order to gain command of them", idea advocated by ... 幼吾幼，以及人之幼 yòuwúyòu,yǐjírénzhīyòu, to care for other's children as one's own 开始以前 kāishǐyǐqián, [開始以前], before the beginning (of sth) 引以为傲 yǐnyǐwéiào, [引以為傲], to be intensely proud of sth (idiom) 引以为憾 yǐnyǐwéihàn, [引以為憾], to consider sth regrettable (idiom) 得可以 dekěyǐ, (coll.) very/awfully 忘其所以 wàngqísuǒyǐ, see 忘乎所以[wàng hū suǒ yǐ] 忧苦以终 yōukǔyǐzhōng, [憂苦以終], worried to death (idiom) 快速以太网络 kuàisùyǐtàiwǎngluò, [快速以太網絡], Fast Ethernet 情何以堪 qínghéyǐkān, how can this be endured! (idiom) 挟天子以令天下 xiétiānzǐyǐlìngtiānxià, [挾天子以令天下], (expr.) hold the feudal overlord and you control the whole country 挟天子以令诸侯 xiétiānzǐyǐlìngzhūhóu, [挾天子以令諸侯], (expr.) hold the feudal overlord and you control his vassals 据实以告 jùshíyǐgào, [據實以告], to report according to the facts/to tell the truth/to tell it like it is 授之以鱼不如授之以渔 shòuzhīyǐyúbùrúshòuzhīyǐyú, [授之以魚不如授之以漁], give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed h... 授人以鱼不如授人以渔 shòurényǐyúbùrúshòurényǐyú, [授人以魚不如授人以漁], give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed h... 撒哈拉以南 Sāhālāyǐnán, sub-Saharan 撒哈拉以南非洲 SāhālāyǐnánFēizhōu, sub-Saharan Africa 文以载道 wényǐzàidào, [文以載道], words of truth/moral expressed in words/written article explaining a moral 无以为报 wúyǐwéibào, [無以為報], unable to return the favor 无以为生 wúyǐwéishēng, [無以為生], no way to get by 星星之火，可以燎原 xīngxingzhīhuǒ,kěyǐliáoyuán, a single spark can start a huge blaze (idiom); an insignificant cause can have a... 晓以大义 xiǎoyǐdàyì, [曉以大義], to reason with sb/to lecture 欺以其方 qīyǐqífāng, deceived by a pretense of reason (idiom) 此时以前 cǐshíyǐqián, [此時以前], heretofore 没有规矩，何以成方圆 méiyǒuguīju,héyǐchéngfāngyuán, [沒有規矩，何以成方圓], without rules, how can anything be done (idiom); one must follow some rules 濯锦以鱼 zhuójǐnyǐyú, [濯錦以魚], to make the ugly beautiful (idiom) 物以稀为贵 wùyǐxīwéiguì, [物以稀為貴], the rarer sth is, the greater its value (idiom) 物以类聚 wùyǐlèijù, [物以類聚], similar things come together (idiom); like draws like/Birds of a feather flock t... 物以类聚，人以群分 wùyǐlèijù,rényǐqúnfēn, [物以類聚，人以群分], Similar things group together, similar people fit together (idiom); Birds of a f... 瞠目以对 chēngmùyǐduì, [瞠目以對], to return only a blank stare/to stare back 知其然而不知其所以然 zhīqíránérbùzhīqísuǒyǐrán, to know that it is so but not why it is so (idiom) 美以美 Měiyǐměi, Methodist (Christian sect) 老吾老，以及人之老 lǎowúlǎo,yǐjírénzhīlǎo, to honor old people as we do our own aged parents 聊以塞责 liáoyǐsèzé, [聊以塞責], just to get away with one's responsibilities/in order to get off the hook 聊以解闷 liáoyǐjiěmèn, [聊以解悶], relaxation 茅以升 MáoYǐshēng, Mao Yisheng (1896-1989), Chinese structural engineer and social activist 藉以 jièyǐ, variant of 借以[jiè yǐ] 虚位以待 xūwèiyǐdài, [虛位以待], to reserve a seat/to leave a position vacant 虚己以听 xūjǐyǐtīng, [虛己以聽], to listen to the ideas of others with an open mind (idiom) 虚席以待 xūxíyǐdài, [虛席以待], to reserve a seat for sb (idiom) 衰之以属 shuāizhīyǐshǔ, [衰之以屬], to treat a debility according to its nature 难以实现 nányǐshíxiàn, [難以實現], hard to accomplish/difficult to achieve 难以应付 nányǐyìngfù, [難以應付], hard to deal with/hard to handle 难以抹去 nányǐmǒqù, [難以抹去], hard to erase/ineradicable 难以捉摸 nányǐzhuōmō, [難以捉摸], elusive/hard to pin down/enigmatic 难以撼动 nányǐhàndòng, [難以撼動], unsusceptible to change/deeply entrenched 难以理解 nányǐlǐjiě, [難以理解], hard to understand/incomprehensible 难以自已 nányǐzīyǐ, [難以自已], cannot control oneself (idiom)/to be beside oneself 飨以闭门羹 xiǎngyǐbìméngēng, [饗以閉門羹], to close the door in one's face (idiom) 饱以老拳 bǎoyǐlǎoquán, [飽以老拳], to thump repeatedly with one's fist 黄以静 HuángYǐjìng, [黃以靜], Wong Yee Ching or Flossie Wong-Staal (1947-) Hong Kong American virologist, join...