HSK东西 Scripts Advanced Search Radicals [collapse definitions]
Word: freq index 23029
[進化論] jìnhuàlùn Darwin's theory of evolution

Character Composition

Character Compounds

Word Compounds


        jìn, [進], to go forward/to advance/to go in/to enter/to put in/to submit/to take in/to adm...
        jìnlái, [進來], to come in
        jìnqù, [進去], to go in
        jìnxíng, [進行], to advance/to conduct/underway/in progress/to do/to carry out/to carry on/to exe...
        jìnrù, [進入], to enter/to join/to go into
        jìnzhǎn, [進展], to make headway/to make progress
        qiánjìn, [前進], to go forward/to forge ahead/to advance/onward
        jìngōng, [進攻], to attack/to assault/to go on the offensive/attack/assault/offense (sports)
        jìnbù, [進步], progress/improvement/to improve/to progress/CL:個|个[gè]
        chuǎngjìn, [闖進], to burst in
        jìnyībù, [進一步], one step further/to move forward a step/further onwards
        
        xiānjìn, [先進], advanced (technology)/to advance
        
        jìnhuà, [進化], evolution/CL:個|个[gè]
        gǎijìn, [改進], to improve/to make better/CL:個|个[gè]
        tuījìn, [推進], to impel/to carry forward/to push on/to advance/to drive forward
        jìnchū, [進出], to enter or exit/to go through
        jījìn, [激進], radical/extreme/extremist
        
        jìndù, [進度], pace/tempo/degree of progress (on project)/work schedule
        gēnjìn, [跟進], to follow/to follow up
        jìnchéng, [進程], process/course
        jìnchéng, [進城], to go to town/to enter a big city (to live or work)
        hùnjìn, [混進], to infiltrate/to sneak into
        jìnshí, [進食], to take a meal/to eat
        jìnkǒu, [進口], to import/imported/entrance/inlet (for the intake of air, water etc)
        xíngjìn, [行進], to advance/forward motion
        jìnjūn, [進軍], to march/to advance
        jìnchǎng, [進場], to enter the venue/to enter the arena/(aviation) to approach the airfield/(inves...
        tuījìnqì, [推進器], propeller/propulsion unit/thruster
        cùjìn, [促進], to promote (an idea or cause)/to advance/boost
        jìnfā, [進發], to set out/to start
        
退         jìntuìliǎngnán, [進退兩難], no room to advance or to retreat (idiom); without any way out of a dilemma/trapp...
        yǐnjìn, [引進], to recommend/to introduce (from outside)
        
        zuānjìn, [鑽進], to get into/to dig into (studies, job etc)/to squeeze into
        jìnqiú, [進球], to score a goal/goal (sport)
        jìncān, [進餐], to have a meal
        décùnjìnchǐ, [得寸進尺], lit. win an inch, want a foot (idiom); fig. not satisfied with small gains/give ...
        màijìn, [邁進], to step in/to stride forward/to forge ahead
        zǒujìn, [走進], to enter
        tǐngjìn, [挺進], progress/to advance
        mǎijìn, [買進], to purchase/to buy in (goods)
        zēngjìn, [增進], to promote/to enhance/to further/to advance (a cause etc)
        jìnhuò, [進貨], to acquire stock/to replenish stock
        
        jìnchūkǒu, [進出口], import and export
        
        jìnér, [進而], and then (what follows next)
退         jìntuì, [進退], to advance or retreat/knowing when to come and when to leave/a sense of propriet...
        jìnzhù, [進駐], to enter and garrison/(fig.) to establish a presence in
        jìnxiū, [進修], to undertake advanced studies/to take a refresher course
        jiājìn, [加進], to add/to mix in/to incorporate
        shàngjìn, [上進], to make progress/to do better/fig. ambitious to improve oneself/to move forwards
        jìnxíngqǔ, [進行曲], march (musical)
        jìnqǔ, [進取], to show initiative/to be a go-getter/to push forward with one's agenda
        jìnhuàlùn, [進化論], Darwin's theory of evolution
        zhǎngjìn, [長進], to make progress/progress
        tàjìn, [踏進], to set foot in/to tread (in or on)/to walk into
        èrjìnzhì, [二進制], binary system (math.)
        fènjìn, [奮進], to advance bravely/to endeavor
        jìnqǔxīn, [進取心], enterprising spirit/initiative
        qítóubìngjìn, [齊頭並進], to go forward together (idiom); to undertake simultaneous tasks/going hand in ha...
        diējìn, [跌進], to fall into/to dip below a certain level
        tūfēiměngjìn, [突飛猛進], to advance by leaps and bounds
        jìnzhàng, [進賬], income/receipts
        xúnxùjiànjìn, [循序漸進], in sequence, step by step (idiom); to make steady progress incrementally
        shàngjìnxīn, [上進心], motivation/ambition
        jìnkǒushāng, [進口商], importer/import business
退         jìntuìwéigǔ, [進退維谷], no room to advance or to retreat (idiom); without any way out of a dilemma/trapp...
        jìngòng, [進貢], to offer tribute/to pay tribute that a vassal owes to his suzerain
        
        
        jìndùbiǎo, [進度表], timeline/work schedule
        
        jìnshì, [進士], successful candidate in the highest imperial civil service examination/palace gr...
        
        
        
        
        jiànjìn, [漸進], progress step by step/gradual progress/to move forward (slowly)
        
        yuèjìn, [躍進], to leap forward/to make rapid progress/a leap forward
        
        màojìn, [冒進], to advance prematurely
        
        èrjìngōng, [二進宮], name of a famous opera/(slang) to go to jail for a second offense
        
        
        jìnyán, [進言], to put forward a suggestion (to sb in a senior position)/to offer a word of advi...
        shíjìnzhì, [十進制], decimal
        hòujìn, [後進], less advanced/underdeveloped/lagging behind/the younger generation/the less expe...
        
        kàngjìn, [亢進], hyperfunction (medical)
        jìnguān, [進關], inbound customs (international trade)
        
        
        bìngjìn, [並進], to advance together
        jìnfàn, [進犯], to invade
        
        
        
西         
        jìnjià, [進價], opening price
        
        Dàyuèjìn, [大躍進], Great Leap Forward (1958-1960), Mao's attempt to modernize China's economy, whic...
        
        
退         
        
        jìnxiang, [進項], income/receipts/earnings/revenue
        gāogēměngjìn, [高歌猛進], to advance singing loudly (idiom); triumphant progress
        
        tuījìnjì, [推進劑], propellant/rocket fuel
        
        
        
        
        
        
西         
        
        
        
        
        
        
        lěijìn, [累進], progressive (taxation etc)
        
        
        shíliùjìnzhì, [十六進制], hexadecimal
        
        
        
        
        jìnshuǐkǒu, [進水口], water inlet
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        

        biànhuà, [變化], change/variation/to change/to vary/CL:個|个[gè]
        huā/huà, variant of 花[huā], to make into/to change into/-ization/to ... -ize/to transform...
        wénhuà, culture/civilization/cultural/CL:個|个[gè],種|种[zhǒng]
        huàxué, [化學], chemistry/chemical
        huàzhuāng, [化妝], to put on makeup
        èhuà, [惡化], to worsen
        jìnhuà, [進化], evolution/CL:個|个[gè]
        huàzhuāngpǐn, [化妝品], cosmetic/makeup product
        rónghuà, to melt/to thaw/to dissolve/to blend into/to combine/to fuse
        shēnghuà, biochemistry
        huàyàn, [化驗], chemical examination/to do a lab test
        huàliáo, [化療], chemotherapy
        xiāohuà, to digest/digestion/digestive
        jìnghuà, [淨化], to purify
        qíngxùhuà, [情緒化], emotional/sentimental
        huàshēn, incarnation/reincarnation/embodiment (of abstract idea)/personification
        huàhéwù, chemical compound
        huàmíng, to use an alias/assumed name/pseudonym
        huǒhuà, to cremate/to incinerate
        huàzhuāng, [化裝], (of actors) to make up/to disguise oneself
        yìnghuà, to harden/hardening/sclerosis/fig. to become rigid or inflexible in opinions/to ...
        yǎnghuà, to oxidize
        èryǎnghuàtàn, carbon dioxide CÓ
        zhuǎnhuà, [轉化], to change/to transform/isomerization (chemistry)
        guāngtiānhuàrì, the full light of day (idiom)/fig. peace and prosperity/in broad daylight
        huàxuéfǎnyìng, [化學反應], chemical reaction
退         tuìhuà, to degenerate/atrophy
        qiánghuà, [強化], to strengthen/to intensify
        cuīhuàjì, [催化劑], catalyst
        
        rónghuà, to melt (of ice, metals etc)
        yīyǎnghuàtàn, carbon monoxide CO
        fūhuà, breeding/to incubate/innovation (esp. in commerce and marketing)
        
        héfǎhuà, to legalize/to make legal/legalization
        huàxuépǐn, [化學品], chemicals
        lǎohuà, to age (of person or object)/becoming old
        měihuà, to make more beautiful/to decorate/embellishment
        huàjiě, to dissolve/to resolve (contradictions)/to dispel (doubts)/to iron out (difficul...
        jiǎnhuà, [簡化], to simplify
        
        báirèhuà, [白熱化], to turn white-hot/to intensify/to reach a climax
        huàshí, fossil
        
        huàxuéjiā, [化學家], chemist
        tónghuà, assimilation (cultural, digestive, phonemic etc)
        xiàndàihuà, [現代化], modernization/CL:個|个[gè]
        huàxuéwǔqì, [化學武器], chemical weapon
        fǔhuà, to rot/to decay/to become corrupt
        duōyànghuà, [多樣化], diversification/to diversify
        rónghuà, to melt/to dissolve (of sugar etc)
        ruǎnhuà, [軟化], to soften
        chūshǐhuà, (computing) to initialize/initialization
        jīxièhuà, [機械化], to mechanize
        shāngyèhuà, [商業化], to commercialize
        fēnhuà, to split apart/differentiation
        nǚxìnghuà, to feminize/feminization
        shíhuà, to petrify/petrochemical industry
        jiǎndānhuà, [簡單化], simplification/to simplify
        qīngyǎnghuànà, [氫氧化鈉], caustic soda/sodium hydroxide NaOH
        huàgōngchǎng, [化工廠], chemical factory
        
        gǎnhuà, corrective influence/to reform (a criminal)/redemption (of a sinner)/to influenc...
        quánqiúhuà, globalization
        jìnhuàlùn, [進化論], Darwin's theory of evolution
        
        huàgōng, chemical industry, abbr. of 化學工業|化学工业[huà xué gōng yè]/chemical engineering, abb...
        huàzuò, to change into/to turn into/to become
        shùzìhuà, [數字化], to digitalize/digital
        
        nánxìnghuà, to masculinize/masculinization
        yèhuà, to liquefy
        
        
        qìhuàqì, carburetor/vaporizer
        duōyuánhuà, diversification/pluralism/to diversify
        huàwéiwūyǒu, [化為烏有], to go up in smoke/to vanish
        
        huàfènchí, [化糞池], septic tank
        kāihuà, [開化], to become civilized/to be open-minded/(of ice) to thaw
        lǐxiǎnghuà, to idealize
        yōuhuà, [優化], optimization/to optimize/to make superior
        
        huàxiǎnwéiyí, [化險為夷], to turn peril into safety (idiom); to avert disaster
        zàohuà, good luck/Nature (as the mother of all things)
        hélǐhuà, to rationalize/to make compatible/to streamline/rationalization
        yǎnhuà, to evolve/evolution
        fēnghuà, [風化], decency/public morals/to weather (rocks)/wind erosion
        
        xiāohuàxìtǒng, [消化系統], digestive system/gastrointestinal tract
        biāozhǔnhuà, [標準化], standardization
        fùzáhuà, [複雜化], to complicate/to become complicated
        lǜhuàjiǎ, [氯化鉀], potassium chloride
        zìdònghuà, [自動化], automation
        huàzhuāngshì, [化妝室], dressing room/powder room/(Tw) toilets
        géshìhuà, to format
        fénhuà, to cremate
        gānyìnghuà, cirrhosis
        
        báihuàbìng, albinism
        huàféi, fertilizer
        dànhuà, to water down/to play down/to trivialize/to weaken/to become dull with time/to d...
        zuìdàhuà, to maximize
        xiāohuàdào, digestive tract
        chūshénrùhuà, to reach perfection (idiom); a superb artistic achievement
        
        dàzhònghuà, [大眾化], mass-oriented/to cater for the masses/popularized
        sīyǒuhuà, privatization/to privatize
        yǎnghuàjì, [氧化劑], oxidant/oxidizing agent
        lǜhuàwù, chloride
        xùnhuà, [馴化], to tame/to domesticate
        guójìhuà, [國際化], to internationalize/internationalization
        liànghuà, to quantize/quantization/quantitative
        huàyóuqì, carburetor
        
        chǒuhuà, [醜化], to defame/to libel/to defile/to smear/to vilify
        gèxìnghuà, [個性化], to personalize/to customize/customization
        wùhuà, to objectify/(literary) to die
        shuǐhuà, to hydrate
        
        lǜhuànà, [氯化鈉], sodium chloride NaCl/common salt
        shénhuà, to make divine/apotheosis
        huàxuéyuánsù, [化學元素], chemical element
        huàxuéxì, [化學系], department of chemistry
        fūhuàqì, incubator/apparatus for incubating eggs
        cuīhuà, catalysis/to catalyze (a reaction)
        gōngkāihuà, [公開化], to publicize/openness (of government, PRC equivalent of "glasnost")
        yǒujīhuàxué, [有機化學], organic chemistry
        zhèngzhìhuà, to politicize
        ruòhuà, weaken/make weaker
        jiānghuà, to become rigid
        
        gùhuà, to solidify/solidification (chemistry)
绿         lǜhuà, [綠化], to make green with plants/to reforest/(Internet slang) Islamization
        qìhuà, to boil/to vaporize
        kuòdàhuà, [擴大化], to extend the scope/to exaggerate
        qiányímòhuà, [潛移默化], imperceptible influence/to influence secretly
        liúhuàqīng, [硫化氫], hydrogen sulfide HS/sulfureted hydrogen
        huànóng, [化膿], to fester/to suppurate/to be infected
        qiānbiànwànhuà, [千變萬化], countless changes/constant permutation
        yàwénhuà, [亞文化], subculture
        dòngmàiyìnghuà, [動脈硬化], hardening of the arteries/arteriosclerosis
        huàxuéjiàn, [化學鍵], chemical bond
        cíhuà, to magnetize
        yǎnghuàlǚ, [氧化鋁], aluminum oxide
        gǎnhuàyuàn, reformatory/reform school
        
        jūnshìhuà, [軍事化], militarization
        
        féngxiōnghuàjí, misfortune turns to blessing (idiom); to turn an inauspicious start to good acco...
        gōngyèhuà, [工業化], to industrialize/industrialization
        
        
        
        
        liúhuà, vulcanization (curing rubber using sulfur and heat)
        biànhuàduōduān, [變化多端], changeable/changing/varied/full of changes
        gàihuà, [鈣化], to calcify/calcification
        èryǎnghuàguī, silicon dioxide (SiÓ)
        èryǎnghuàliú, sulfur dioxide SÓ
        guòyǎnghuàqīng, [過氧化氫], hydrogen peroxide HÓ
        
        gānghuàbōli, [鋼化玻璃], reinforced glass
        biānyuánhuà, [邊緣化], to marginalize/marginalization
        
        
        yītǐhuà, [一體化], integration/incorporation/unification
        
        huàhé, chemical combination
        zhíyèhuà, [職業化], professionalization
        jùtǐhuà, [具體化], to concretize
        
        shēnhuà, to deepen/to intensify
        huànhuà, to be transformed/to metamorphose/transformation/metamorphosis
        biànhuàmòcè, [變化莫測], unpredictable/changeable
        zhuānyèhuà, [專業化], specialization
        shèhuìhuà, [社會化], socialization/to socialize/to fit into society/to train sb for society
        qìhuà, [氣化], to vaporize/evaporation/carburetion/氣|气[qì] transformation in TCM (i.e. transfor...
        diǎnhuàjiǎ, [碘化鉀], potassium iodide
        yǎnghuàwù, oxide
        
        
        rǔhuà, to emulsify
        gǔhuà, to ossify/ossification
        shígǔbùhuà, to swallow ancient learning without digesting it (idiom)/to be pedantic without ...
        niánqīnghuà, [年輕化], to make more youthful/to promote younger staff
        
        diànqìhuà, [電氣化], electrification
        zhìdùhuà, systematization
        
        jíhuà, [極化], polarization
        diànhuàxué, [電化學], electrochemistry
        fūhuàchǎng, [孵化場], incubator/hatchery (for poultry etc)
        lǎolínghuà, [老齡化], aging (population)
        dúhuà, to poison/to infect
        
        WénhuàDàgémìng, Cultural Revolution (1966-1976)
        jiàohuāzi, variant of 叫花子[jiào huā zi]
        xìhuà, [細化], to give a more granular level of detail/to elaborate/to refine/to become more di...
        
        guīfànhuà, [規範化], to standardize/standardization
        huàzhěngwéilíng, [化整為零], to break up the whole into pieces (idiom); dealing with things one by one/divide...
        
        
        
        huàxiān, [化纖], synthetic fiber
西         
        
        mínzhǔhuà, to convert to democracy/democratic transformation
        
        huàxuézhàn, [化學戰], chemical warfare
        
        
        
        
        
        yīyuánhuà, integration/integrated/unified
        huàxuénéng, [化學能], chemical energy
        gōngshìhuà, to formalize/formalism in art (esp. as proscribed in USSR and PRC)
        
        
        lǜhuàqīng, [氯化氫], hydrogen chloride HCl
        
        guòyǎnghuàwù, [過氧化物], peroxide
        
        
        
        tànhuàwù, carbide
        huóhuàshí, living fossil
        
        běntǔhuà, to localize/localization
        qínghuàjiǎ, [氰化鉀], potassium cyanide KCN
        qínghuànà, [氰化鈉], sodium cyanide NaCN
        gàiniànhuà, conceptualization
        réngéhuà, to personalize/anthropomorphism
        xiāohuàméi, digestive enzyme
        yìhuà, [異化], alienation (philosophy)/(of speech) dissimilation
        
        
        shìchǎnghuà, [市場化], marketization
绿         
        
        huàdòng, [化凍], to defrost
        
        huàtán, to transform phlegm (TCM)
        mínyínghuà, [民營化], privatization
        
        
        Shùnhuà, [順化], Hue, city in central Vietnam and capital of Thua Thien province
        
        yèhuàqì, [液化氣], liquid gas/bottled gas (fuel)
        
        huàxuéshì, [化學式], chemical formula (e.g. water HO)
        fúhuàqīng, [氟化氫], hydrofluoric acid
        
        
        
        tànhuàguī, silicon carbide/carborundum
        
        
        
        
        
        yǔhuà, levitation (of Daoist immortal)/to become as light as a feather and ascend to he...
        zuòhuà, to die in a seated posture (Buddhism)
        
        
西         
        shāngpǐnhuà, commodification
        
        guóyǒuhuà, [國有化], nationalization
        chǎnyèhuà, [產業化], to industrialize/industrialization
        wùhuàqì, [霧化器], nebulizer/spray/atomizer
        qīngyǎnghuàwù, [氫氧化物], hydroxide
        xíngshìhuà, formalization/formalized
        
        yǎnghuàgǒng, mercuric oxide (HgO)
        zhèngchánghuà, normalization (of diplomatic relations etc)
        
        liànhuà, [煉化], to refine/refining (e.g. oil, chemicals etc)
        
        jiāohuà, to distill
        
        
        
        huàxuégōngyè, [化學工業], chemical industry, abbr. to 化工[huà gōng]
        
        
        
        
        huàhéjià, [化合價], valence (chemistry)
        
        
        
        
        
        wùlǐhuàxué, [物理化學], physical chemistry
        
        dànyǎnghuàwù, nitrogen oxide
        
        
        
        
        shāmòhuà, desertification
        lǐhuà, physical and chemical
        
        fūhuàqī, incubation period/time for sth to develop
        wénhuàshǐ, cultural history
        
        rìhuà, household chemicals (cleaning products etc) and toiletries/abbr. for 日用化學製品|日用化学...
        
        lǔhuàwù, [鹵化物], halide (i.e. fluoride, chloride, bromide etc)
        huàwǔ, chemical weapon/abbr. for 化學武器|化学武器[huà xué wǔ qì]
        
        
        

        tǎolùn, [討論], to discuss/to talk over/CL:個|个[gè]
        wúlùn, [無論], no matter what or how/regardless of whether...
        tánlùn, [談論], to discuss/to talk about
        lǐlùn, [理論], theory/CL:個|个[gè]/to argue/to take notice of
        wúlùnrúhé, [無論如何], whatever the case/in any event/no matter what/by all possible means
        bùlùn, [不論], whatever/no matter what (who, how etc)/regardless of/not to discuss
        pínglùn, [評論], to comment on/to discuss/comment/commentary/CL:篇[piān]
        jiélùn, [結論], conclusion/verdict/CL:個|个[gè]/to conclude/to reach a verdict
        lùnwén, [論文], paper/treatise/thesis/CL:篇[piān]/to discuss a paper or thesis (old)
        zhēnglùn, [爭論], to argue/to debate/to contend/argument/contention/controversy/debate/CL:次[cì],場|...
        
        biànlùn, [辯論], debate/argument/to argue over/CL:場|场[chǎng],次[cì]
        Lún/lùn, [論], abbr. for 論語|论语[Lún yǔ], The Analects (of Confucius), opinion/view/theory/doctri...
        yánlùn, [言論], expression of opinion/views/remarks/arguments
        yìlùn, [議論], to comment/to talk about/to discuss/discussion/CL:個|个[gè]
        dìnglùn, [定論], final conclusion/accepted argument
        
        lùntán, [論壇], forum (for discussion)
        tuīlùn, [推論], to infer/inference/corollary/reasoned conclusion
        xiāngtíbìnglùn, [相提並論], to discuss two disparate things together (idiom); to mention on equal terms/to p...
        pínglùnjiā, [評論家], critic/reviewer
        yúlùn, [輿論], public opinion
        lùndiǎn, [論點], argument/line of reasoning/thesis/point (of discussion)
        
        wúshénlùn, [無神論], atheism
        
        
        tǎolùnhuì, [討論會], symposium/discussion forum
        lùnjù, [論據], grounds (for an argument)/contention/thesis
        lìngdāngbiélùn, [另當別論], to treat differently/another cup of tea
        píngtóulùnzú, [評頭論足], lit. to assess the head and discuss the feet (idiom); minute criticism of a woma...
        miùlùn, [謬論], misconception/fallacy
        lùnzhèng, [論證], to prove a point/to expound on/to demonstrate or prove (through argument)/proof
        jìnhuàlùn, [進化論], Darwin's theory of evolution
        shèlùn, [社論], editorial (in a newspaper)/CL:篇[piān]
        pǐntóulùnzú, [品頭論足], lit. to assess the head and discuss the feet (idiom); minute criticism of a woma...
        lùnduàn, [論斷], to infer/to judge/inference/judgment/conclusion
        jiùshìlùnshì, [就事論事], to discuss sth on its own merits/to judge the matter as it stands
        
        yìlùnfēnfēn, [議論紛紛], to discuss spiritedly (idiom)/tongues are wagging
        lùndiào, [論調], argument/view (sometimes derogatory)
        bóyìlùn, [博弈論], game theory
        xiāngduìlùn, [相對論], theory of relativity
        bèilùn, [悖論], paradox (logic)
        gāotánkuòlùn, [高談闊論], to harangue/loud arrogant talk/to spout
        lǐlùnjiā, [理論家], theorist/theoretician
        lùntí, [論題], topic
        lùnshù, [論述], treatise/discourse/exposition
        
        
怀         
        jíhélùn, [集合論], set theory (math.)
        píngxīnérlùn, [平心而論], to be honest, ...
        
        shùlùn, [數論], number theory (math.)
        lùnzhàn, [論戰], to debate/to contend/polemics
        lùnlǐ, [論理], normally/as things should be/by rights/to reason things out/logic
        
        liàngzǐlùn, [量子論], quantum theory (physics)
        zhènglùn, [政論], political commentary
        lùnjí, [論及], to make reference to/to write about
        yīgàiérlùn, [一概而論], to lump different matters together (idiom)
        gāolùn, [高論], enlightening remarks (honorific)/brilliant views
        
        kòngzhìlùn, [控制論], control theory (math.)/cybernetics
        gōnglùn, [公論], public opinion
        juédìnglùn, [決定論], determinism
        fāngfǎlùn, [方法論], methodology/Discours de la méthode by René Descartes 笛卡兒|笛卡儿[Dí kǎ ér], 1637
宿         sùmìnglùn, [宿命論], fatalism/fatalistic
        sānduànlùn, [三段論], syllogism (deduction in logic)
        
        lùnzhēng, [論爭], argument/debate/controversy
        
        lùnzhù, [論著], treatise/study
        
        dǎolùn, [導論], introduction
        
        
        Zīběnlùn, [資本論], Das Kapital (1867) by Karl Marx 卡爾·馬克思|卡尔·马克思[Kǎ ěr · Mǎ kè sī]
        běntǐlùn, [本體論], ontology
        rènshilùn, [認識論], epistemology (in philosophy, the theory of how we know things)
        
        gàiguānlùndìng, [蓋棺論定], don't pass judgment on a person's life until the lid is on the coffin (idiom)
        Lúnyǔ, [論語], The Analects of Confucius 孔子[Kǒng zǐ]
        
        gàilùn, [概論], outline/introduction/survey/general discussion
        
        wéixīnlùn, [唯心論], philosophy of idealism, the doctrine that external reality is a product of consc...
        lìlùn, [立論], proposition/argument
        gàilǜlùn, [概率論], probability (math.)
        liàngzǐchǎnglùn, [量子場論], quantum field theory
        
        zhēnglùndiǎn, [爭論點], contention
        
        
        qítánguàilùn, [奇談怪論], strange tales and absurd arguments (idiom)/unreasonable remarks
        yǒushénlùn, [有神論], theism (the belief in the existence of God)
        
        jiǎnglùn, [講論], to discuss
        
        
        duōyuánlùn, [多元論], pluralism, philosophical doctrine that the universe consists of different substa...
        

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