HSK东西 Scripts Advanced Search Radicals [collapse definitions]
[國務院新聞辦公室] GuówùyuànXīnwénBàngōngshì State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China

Character Composition

Character Compounds

Word Compounds


        Měiguó, [美國], United States/USA/US
        guójiā, [國家], country/nation/state/CL:個|个[gè]
        Yīngguó, [英國], United Kingdom 聯合王國|联合王国[Lián hé wáng guó]/United Kingdom of Great Britain and N...
        Fǎguó, [法國], France/French
        Zhōngguó, [中國], China
        guówáng, [國王], king/CL:個|个[gè]
        Déguó, [德國], Germany/German
        quánguó, [全國], whole nation/nationwide/countrywide/national
        guójì, [國際], international
        Guó/guó, [國], surname Guo, country/nation/state/national/CL:個|个[gè]
        Éguó, [俄國], Russia
        Hánguó, [韓國], South Korea (Republic of Korea)/Han, one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring...
        dìguó, [帝國], empire/imperial
        Guóhuì, [國會], Parliament (UK)/Congress (US)/Diet (Japan)/Legislative Yuan (Taiwan)
        guótǔ, [國土], country's territory/national land
        wángguó, [王國], kingdom/realm
        wàiguó, [外國], foreign (country)/CL:個|个[gè]
        guónèi, [國內], domestic/internal (to a country)/civil
        Liánhéguó, [聯合國], United Nations
        zǔguó, [祖國], motherland
        guówài, [國外], abroad/external (affairs)/overseas/foreign
        Guófángbù, [國防部], Defense Department/Ministry of National Defense
        Tàiguó, [泰國], Thailand/Thai
        guómín, [國民], nationals/citizens/people of a nation
        gònghéguó, [共和國], republic
        guódù, [國度], country/nation
        chūguó, [出國], to go abroad/to leave the country/emigration
        wǒguó, [我國], our country/China
        
        wàiguórén, [外國人], foreigner
        pànguó, [叛國], treason
        àiguó, [愛國], to love one's country/patriotic
        guóqí, [國旗], flag (of a country)/CL:面[miàn]
        Àiguózhě/àiguózhě, [愛國者], MIM-104 Patriot surface-to-air missile, patriot
        guófáng, [國防], national defense
        hézhòngguó, [合眾國], federated nation/the United States
        Guówùyuàn, [國務院], State Council (PRC)/State Department (USA)
        
        
        tiānguó, [天國], Kingdom of Heaven
        pànguózuì, [叛國罪], the crime of treason
        huíguó, [回國], to return to one's home country
        Měiguórén, [美國人], American/American person/American people/CL:個|个[gè]
        guóbiāowǔ, [國標舞], international standard ballroom dancing
        guówùqīng, [國務卿], Secretary of State
        guógē, [國歌], national anthem
        guófángbùzhǎng, [國防部長], Defense secretary/Defense Minister
        gèguó, [各國], each country/every country/various countries
        yìguó, [異國], exotic/foreign
        běnguó, [本國], one's own country
        quánguóxìng, [全國性], national
        guójiè, [國界], national boundary/border between countries
        guójí, [國籍], nationality
        guólì, [國立], national/state-run/public
        Guóqìng, [國慶], National Day
        guójìxiàngqí, [國際象棋], chess/CL:副[fù]
        guìguó, [貴國], your distinguished country
        guóxǐ, [國璽], seal of state
        
        LuómǎDìguó, [羅馬帝國], Roman Empire (27 BC-476 AD)
        Guóqìngjié, [國慶節], PRC National Day (October 1st)
        dìguózhǔyì, [帝國主義], imperialism
        kuàguó, [跨國], transnational/multinational
        guókù, [國庫], public purse/state treasury/national exchequer
        guójìng, [國境], national border/frontier
        
        
        Mínguó, [民國], Republic of China (1912-1949)/used in Taiwan as the name of the calendar era (e....
        àiguózhǔyì, [愛國主義], patriotism
        méngguó, [盟國], allies/united countries
        
        
        guóbǎo, [國寶], national treasure
        kuàguógōngsī, [跨國公司], transnational corporation/multinational corporation
        Yīngguórén, [英國人], British person/British people
        guójìxìng, [國際性], international/internationalism
        guójiājí, [國家級], (administrative) national-level
        guórén, [國人], compatriots (literary)/fellow countrymen
        jiànguó, [建國], to found a country/nation-building/the foundation of PRC by Mao Zedong in 1949
        guóyǒu, [國有], nationalized/public/government owned/state-owned
        díguó, [敵國], enemy country
        fāzhǎnzhōngguójiā, [發展中國家], developing country
        dàguó, [大國], a power (i.e. a dominant country)
        
        dǎoguó, [島國], island nation (sometimes refers specifically to Japan)
        guóbiāo, [國標], Guo Biao or GB, the standard PRC encoding, abbr. for 國家標準碼|国家标准码
        màiguózéi, [賣國賊], traitor
        guójiāduì, [國家隊], the national team
        Qiángguó/qiángguó, [強國], (ironically) mainland China (Taiwan & Hong Kong usage), powerful country/great p...
        kāiguó, [開國], to found a state/to open a closed country
        guótàimínān, [國泰民安], the country prospers, the people at peace (idiom); peace and prosperity
        guóbīn, [國賓], state visitor/visiting head of state
        guófù, [國父], father or founder of a nation/Father of the Republic (Sun Yat-sen)
        chāojídàguó, [超級大國], superpower
        Guójiāānquánbù, [國家安全部], PRC Ministry of State Security
        DuōmǐníjiāGònghéguó, [多米尼加共和國], Dominican Republic
        línguó, [鄰國], bordering country/neighbor country/neighboring countries/surrounding countries
        
        guóchǎn, [國產], domestically produced
        
        guójìfǎ, [國際法], international law
        guójìhuà, [國際化], to internationalize/internationalization
        tóngméngguó, [同盟國], allied nation/ally/confederation
        guódào, [國道], national highway
        
        
        
        
        tāguó, [他國], another country
        
        Fēiguódà, [非國大], African National Congress, ANC/abbr. for 非洲人國民大會|非洲人国民大会[Fēi zhōu rén guó mín dà...
        yìguótāxiāng, [異國他鄉], foreign lands and places (idiom); living as expatriate
        guīguó, [歸國], to go home (to one's native country)/to return from abroad
        lìguó, [立國], to found a country
        
        fādáguójiā, [發達國家], developed nation
        Déguórén, [德國人], German person or people
        jǔguóshàngxià, [舉國上下], the entire nation/the whole country, from the leadership to the rank and file
        Fǎguórén, [法國人], Frenchman/French person
        
        guóshì, [國事], affairs of the nation/politics
        guójūn, [國君], monarch
        guóyàn, [國宴], state banquet
        Zhànguó, [戰國], the Warring States period (475-221 BC)
        
        
        
        màiguó, [賣國], to betray one's country
        
线         
        guóqíng, [國情], the characteristics and circumstances particular to a country/current state of a...
        guójiào, [國教], state religion
        Lǐxiǎngguó/lǐxiǎngguó, [理想國], Plato's "The Republic" (c. 380 BC), ideal state/utopia
        guónèiwài, [國內外], domestic and international/at home and abroad
        Wūsūnguó, [烏孫國], Wusun kingdom of central Asia (c. 300 BC-300 AD)
        zhìguó, [治國], to rule a country
        Zhōngguóshì, [中國式], Chinese style/à la chinoise
        
        
        guówù, [國務], affairs of state
        guójìjí, [國際級], (at an) international level
        gōngguó, [公國], duchy/dukedom/principality
        bǎojiāwèiguó, [保家衛國], guard home, defend the country (idiom); national defense
        
        lièguó, [列國], various countries
        JiékèGònghéguó, [捷克共和國], Czech Republic
        ÀiěrlánGònghéguó, [愛爾蘭共和國], Republic of Ireland
        ZhōnghuáRénmínGònghéguó, [中華人民共和國], People's Republic of China
        chéngyuánguó, [成員國], member country
        
        guólì, [國力], a nation's power
        guófǎ, [國法], national law
        Zhóuxīnguó, [軸心國], Axis powers (World War II)
        Mèngjiālāguó, [孟加拉國], Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan)
        GuójìHuòbìJījīnZǔzhī, [國際貨幣基金組織], International Monetary Fund (IMF)
        
        
        gùguó, [故國], country with an ancient history
        Liánhéwángguó, [聯合王國], United Kingdom
        
西         
        
        Zhōngguóhuà, [中國話], (spoken) Chinese language
        
        bàoguó, [報國], to dedicate oneself to the service of one's country
        Guóyǔ, [國語], Chinese language (Mandarin), emphasizing its national nature/Chinese as a primar...
        guózéi, [國賊], traitor to the nation
        
        
        běiguó, [北國], the northern part of the country/the North
        Guómíndǎng, [國民黨], Guomindang or Kuomintang (KMT)/Nationalist Party
        Guótài, [國泰], Cathay Pacific (Hong Kong airline)
        wángguó, [亡國], (of a nation) to be destroyed/subjugation/vanquished nation
        
        
        
        
        
        qióngguó, [窮國], poor country
        guóshì, [國勢], national strength/situation in a state
        
        
        GuóLián, [國聯], abbr. for 國際聯盟|国际联盟[Guó jì Lián méng], League of Nations (1920-1946), based in G...
        guóyùn, [國運], fate of the nation
        
        
        zìyóuwángguó, [自由王國], realm of freedom (philosophy)
        zhōnglìguó, [中立國], neutral country
        guóshū, [國書], credentials (of a diplomat)/documents exchanged between nations/national or dyna...
        guózhài, [國債], national debt/government debt
        
        
        
        
        huìyuánguó, [會員國], member nation
        Hánguórén, [韓國人], Korean (person)
        shǔguó, [屬國], vassal state
        huángqīnguóqī, [皇親國戚], the emperor relatives (idiom); person with powerful connections
        jūnguózhǔyì, [軍國主義], militarism
        
        
        
        Zhōngguórén, [中國人], Chinese person
        
        guóyíng, [國營], state-run (company etc)/nationalized
        guózàng, [國葬], state funeral
        
        
        wànguó, [萬國], all nations
        
        
        Guójìgē, [國際歌], The Internationale
        guóqǐ, [國企], state enterprise/(Tw) abbr. for 國際企業管理|国际企业管理, international business management...
        guómíng, [國名], name of country
        GuóDà, [國大], abbr. for 國民大會|国民大会, National Assembly of the Republic of China (extant during v...
        
        
        
        Sānguó, [三國], Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in Chinese history/several Three Kingdoms period...
        
        bǎohùguó, [保護國], protectorate
        
        wàiguóyǔ, [外國語], foreign language
        
        
        
        
        yīguóliǎngzhì, [一國兩制], one country, two systems (PRC proposal regarding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan)
        BāguóLiánjūn, [八國聯軍], Eight-Nation Alliance, involved in a military intervention in northern China in ...
        
        
        ZhōnghuáMínguó, [中華民國], Republic of China
        
        ZhōngguóRénmínJiěfàngjūn, [中國人民解放軍], Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)
        sàngquánrǔguó, [喪權辱國], to forfeit sovereignty and humiliate the country (idiom)/to surrender territory ...
        
        Ānguó, [安國], Anguo county level city in Baoding 保定[Bǎo dìng], Hebei
        fānguó, [藩國], feudatory/vassal state
        xiéyuēguó, [協約國], Allies/entente (i.e. Western powers allied to China in WW)
        
        
        
        
        
        guóbīnguǎn, [國賓館], state guesthouse
        
        
        guóyǒuhuà, [國有化], nationalization
        guójìzhǔyì, [國際主義], internationalism
        
        Mǎnzhōuguó, [滿洲國], Manchukuo
        fǎnguó, [返國], to return to one's country
        
        
        
        MěiguóZhīYīn, [美國之音], Voice of America (VOA)
        
        
        
        
        
访         guóshìfǎngwèn, [國事訪問], state visit
        SānguóYǎnyì, [三國演義], Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong 羅貫中|罗贯中[Luó Guàn zhōng], one of t...
        
        
        guócè, [國策], a national policy
        
        
        guóhuò, [國貨], domestically produced goods
        guósètiānxiāng, [國色天香], national grace, divine fragrance (idiom); an outstanding beauty
        
        
        
        
        ÀosīmànDìguó, [奧斯曼帝國], the Ottoman Empire
        
        
        
        
        
        bìguānsuǒguó, [閉關鎖國], to close the passes and seal off the country/to close a country to exclude forei...
        GāngguǒMínzhǔGònghéguó, [剛果民主共和國], Democratic Republic of Congo
        
        
        
        
        guóhào, [國號], official name of a nation (includes dynastic names of China: 漢|汉[Hàn], 唐[Táng] e...
        
        
        
        guóxué, [國學], Chinese national culture/studies of ancient Chinese civilization/the Imperial Co...
        
        
        guóshù, [國術], martial arts
        
        
        
        
        
        guócuì, [國粹], national essence/quintessence of national culture
        guómínjīngjì, [國民經濟], national economy
        fùguó, [富國], rich country/make the country wealthy (political slogan)
        
        
        
线         guójièxiàn, [國界線], border between countries/line forming the border
        
        xùnguó, [殉國], to die for one's country
        
        
        guókùquàn, [國庫券], treasury bond

        rènwu, [任務], mission/assignment/task/duty/role/CL:項|项[xiàng],個|个[gè]
        fúwù, [服務], to serve/service/CL:項|项[xiàng]
        shìwùsuǒ, [事務所], office/firm
        yìwù, [義務], duty/obligation/CL:項|项[xiàng]/volunteer (work etc)
        fúwùyuán, [服務員], waiter/waitress/attendant/customer service personnel/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi]
        fúwùshēng, [服務生], server (at a restaurant)
        shìwù, [事務], (political, economic etc) affairs/work/transaction (as in a computer database)
        cáiwù, [財務], financial affairs
        yèwù, [業務], business/professional work/service/CL:項|项[xiàng]
        fúwùqì, [服務器], server (computer)/CL:臺|台[tái]
        zhàiwù, [債務], debt/liability/amount due/indebtedness
        zhíwù, [職務], post/position/job/duties
        jiāwù, [家務], household duties/housework
        gōngwù, [公務], official business
        shāngwù, [商務], commercial affairs/commercial/commerce/business
        yīwùshì, [醫務室], infirmary/sick bay/CL:個|个[gè]
        yīwù, [醫務], medical affairs
        wùbì, [務必], must/to need to/to be sure to
        Nèiwùbù, [內務部], Ministry of Internal Affairs
        Guówùyuàn, [國務院], State Council (PRC)/State Department (USA)
        gōngwùyuán, [公務員], functionary/office-bearer
        shuìwù, [稅務], taxation services/state revenue service
        guówùqīng, [國務卿], Secretary of State
        
        wù, [務], affair/business/matter/to be engaged in/to attend to/by all means
        chéngwùyuán, [乘務員], attendant on an airplane, train, boat etc
        tèwu, [特務], special assignment (military)/special agent/operative/spy
        dāngwùzhījí, [當務之急], top priority job/matter of vital importance
        nèiwù, [內務], internal affairs/domestic affairs/family affairs/(trad.) affairs within the pala...
        
        
        Shuìwùjú, [稅務局], Tax Bureau/Inland Revenue Department (Hong Kong)
        qínwù, [勤務], service/duties/an orderly (military)
        fúwùtái, [服務台]/[服務臺], service desk/information desk/reception desk, service desk/information desk/rece...
        
        
        
        fúwùfèi, [服務費], service charge/cover charge
        gǎngwùjú, [港務局], port authority
        
        jiàowù, [教務], educational administration
        yàowù, [要務], key task/important affair
        fúwùyè, [服務業], service industry
        yèwùyuán, [業務員], salesperson
        wàiwù, [外務], foreign affairs
        wùshí, [務實], pragmatic/dealing with concrete issues
        láowù, [勞務], service (work done for money)/services (as in "goods and services")
        
        bùwùzhèngyè, [不務正業], not to engage in honest work/to ignore one's proper occupation/not to attend to ...
        shíshíwù, [識時務], to have a clear view of things/to adapt to circumstances
        
        
        chéngwù, [乘務], service (on a train, a plane etc)
        jiàowùzhǎng, [教務長], provost
        zhèngwù, [政務], government affairs
        qínwùbīng, [勤務兵], army orderly
        
        
        zǒngwù, [總務], general matters/division of general affairs/person in overall charge
        Shāngwùbù, [商務部], Department of Trade/Department of Commerce
        
        guówù, [國務], affairs of state
        záwù, [雜務], various jobs/low-grade work
        
        
        wùnóng, [務農], farming/to work the land
        wùgōng, [務工], to work as a laborer
        fángwù, [防務], (pertaining to) defense
        jìnyìwù, [盡義務], to fulfill one's duty/to work without asking for reward
        chángwù, [常務], routine/everyday business/daily operation (of a company)
        zhàiwùrén, [債務人], debtor
        
        
        yīwùsuǒ, [醫務所], clinic/CL:家[jiā]
        
        
        
        shòuhòufúwù, [售後服務], after-sales service
        
        qínwùyuán, [勤務員], odd job man/army orderly
        jīwùduàn, [機務段], locomotive depot
        jūnwù, [軍務], military affairs
        
        bùshíshíwù, [不識時務], to show no understanding of the times (idiom); cannot adapt to current circumsta...
        
        
        jíwù, [急務], urgent task/pressing matter
        
        huàwùyuán, [話務員], phone operator
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        

        yīyuàn, [醫院], hospital/CL:所[suǒ],家[jiā],座[zuò]
        xuéyuàn, [學院], college/educational institute/school/faculty/CL:所[suǒ]
        fǎyuàn, court of law/court
        jùyuàn, [劇院], theater/CL:家[jiā],座[zuò]
        yuàn, courtyard/institution/CL:個|个[gè]
        zhùyuàn, to be in hospital/to be hospitalized
        yuànzi, courtyard/garden/yard/patio/CL:個|个[gè]/(old) servant
        hòuyuàn, [後院], rear court/back garden/backyard (also fig.)
        yīxuéyuàn, [醫學院], medical school
        
        diànyǐngyuàn, [電影院], cinema/movie theater/CL:家[jiā],座[zuò]
        fǎxuéyuàn, [法學院], law school
        gūéryuàn, [孤兒院], orphanage/child asylum
        xiūdàoyuàn, monastery/convent
        chūyuàn, to leave hospital/to be discharged from hospital
        yuànzhǎng, [院長], the head of an institution whose name ends in 院[yuàn]/chair of a board/president...
        cānyìyuàn, [參議院], senate/upper chamber (of legislative assembly)
        jìyuàn, brothel/whorehouse
        jiǎncháyuàn, [檢察院], prosecutor's office/procuratorate
        yǎnglǎoyuàn, [養老院], nursing home
        xìyuàn, [戲院], theater
        liáoyǎngyuàn, [療養院], sanatorium
        Guówùyuàn, [國務院], State Council (PRC)/State Department (USA)
        yǐngyuàn, cinema/movie theater
        
        rùyuàn, to enter hospital/to be hospitalized
        
        tíngyuàn, courtyard
        gējùyuàn, [歌劇院], opera house
        sìyuàn, cloister/temple/monastery/CL:座[zuò]
        zuìgāofǎyuàn, supreme court
        qiányuàn, front courtyard/front yard
        měiróngyuàn, beauty salon/lady's hair parlor
        
        yìyuàn, [議院], parliament/congress/legislative assembly
        shénxuéyuàn, [神學院], seminary
        Zhòngyìyuàn, [眾議院], lower house of bicameral assembly/House of Representatives (USA)/Chamber of Depu...
        shāngxuéyuàn, [商學院], business school/university of business studies
        zhuǎnyuàn, [轉院], to transfer (a patient) to a different hospital/to transfer to hospital (e.g. a ...
        
        yuànxiào, college/academy/educational institution
        fúlìyuàn, welfare agency
        kēxuéyuàn, [科學院], academy of sciences/CL:個|个[gè]
        yánjiūyuàn, research institute/academy
        
        dàyuàn, courtyard (surrounded by many buildings)/compound/great institution
        gāoyuàn, high court
        xiàyìyuàn, [下議院], lower chamber (of legislative body)/lower house/the House of Commons
        Shàngyìyuàn, [上議院], Upper Chamber/Upper House/Senate
        bìngyuàn, specialized hospital
        dàzáyuàn, [大雜院], compound with many families living together
        
        
        gǎnhuàyuàn, reformatory/reform school
        
        
        
        
        jìnglǎoyuàn, home of respect for aged/nursing home
        hòuyuànqǐhuǒ, [後院起火], a fire in one's backyard/conflict close to home
        
        
        
        zhùyuànbù, inpatient department
        shūyuàn, [書院], academy of classical learning (Tang Dynasty - Qing Dynasty)
        
        
        bówùyuàn, museum
        
        
        zháiyuàn, house/house with a courtyard
        
        
        gōngxuéyuàn, [工學院], school of engineering/college of engineering
        
        
        yuànluò, court/courtyard
        
        cānyuàn, [參院], abbr. for 參議院|参议院[cān yì yuàn], senate/upper chamber (of legislative assembly)
        
        
        yuànshì, scholar/academician/fellow (of an academy)
        
        dàoyuàn, Daoyuan (Sanctuary of the Dao)
        
        
        
        
        
        sìhéyuàn, courtyard house with a fully enclosed courtyard (type of Chinese residence)
        rénmínfǎyuàn, people's court (of law)/people's tribunal
        
        
        
        

        Xīn/xīn, abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆[Xīn jiāng] or Singapore 新加坡[Xīn jiā pō]/surname Xin, new/n...
        chóngxīn, again/once more/re-
        xīnwén, [新聞], news/CL:條|条[tiáo],個|个[gè]
        xīnxiān, [新鮮], fresh (experience, food etc)/freshness/novel/uncommon
        zuìxīn, latest/newest
        xīnniáng, bride
        quánxīn, all new/completely new
        xīnnián, New Year/CL:個|个[gè]
西         Xīnzéxī, [新澤西], New Jersey, US state
        xīnrén, newcomer/fresh talent/newlywed, esp. new bride/bride and groom
        xīnláng, bridegroom/groom
        xīnshēng, new/newborn/emerging/nascent/rebirth/regeneration/new life/new student
        zhǎnxīn, [嶄新], brand new
        Qīngxīn/qīngxīn, Qingxin county in Qingyuan 清远, Guangdong, fresh and clean
        Xīnàoěrliáng, [新奧爾良], New Orleans, Louisiana
        xīnhūn, newly wed
        gēngxīn, to replace the old with new/to renew/to renovate/to upgrade/to update/to regener...
        chuàngxīn, [創新], innovation/to bring forth new ideas/to blaze new trails
        xīnshǒu, new hand/novice/raw recruit
        gǎiguòzìxīn, [改過自新], to reform and start afresh (idiom); to turn over a new leaf
        xīnbīng, new (army) recruit
        
        xīnxíng, new type/new kind
西         XīnMòxīgēzhōu, New Mexico, US state
西         Xīnzéxīzhōu, [新澤西州], New Jersey, US state
西         Xīnxīlán, [新西蘭], New Zealand
        xīnxīng, nova (astronomy)
        huànrányīxīn, [煥然一新], to look completely new (idiom); brand new/changed beyond recognition
        xīnqí, novelty/new and odd
        xīnrèn, newly-appointed/newly elected/new (in a political office)
        xīnshēngér, [新生兒], newborn baby/neonate
        
        xīncháo, modern/fashionable
        xīnwénjiè, [新聞界], the press/the media
        xīnkuǎn, new style/latest fashion/new model
        
        Xīnjiāpō, Singapore
        xīnyì, new idea
        xīnshì, new style/latest type
        fānxīn, to revamp/a face-lift/to retread (a tire)/to refurbish (old clothes)/newly emerg...
        xīnwénjìzhě, [新聞記者], journalist
        shuāxīn, to renovate/to refurbish/to refresh (computer window)/to write a new page (in hi...
        géxīn, to innovate/innovation
        XīnYīnggélán, [新英格蘭], New England
        
        xīnchéndàixiè, [新陳代謝], metabolism (biology)/the new replaces the old (idiom)
        
西         XīnMòxīgē, New Mexico, US state
        xīnyǐng, [新穎], lit. new bud/fig. new and original
        jìyìyóuxīn, [記憶猶新], to remain fresh in one's memory (idiom)
        ěrmùyīxīn, a pleasant change/a breath of fresh air/refreshing
        
        xīnfáng, brand new house/bridal chamber
        xīnwénwǎng, [新聞網], news agency
        xīnjiàotú, Protestant/adherent of Protestantism
        
        Xīnyuē, [新約], New Testament
        chāoxīnxīng, supernova
        xīnjìn, newly
        
        Xīnjiàn/xīnjiàn, Xinjian county in Nanchang 南昌, Jiangxi, new construction/newly built
        Xīnjìyuán/xīnjìyuán, [新紀元], New Age (movement), new era/new epoch
        
        biāoxīnlìyì, [標新立異], to make a show of being original or unconventional (idiom)
        XīnDélǐ, New Delhi, capital of India
        xīncí, [新詞], new expression/neologism
        Xīntián, Xintian county in Yongzhou 永州[Yǒng zhōu], Hunan
        XīnHǎnbùshíěrzhōu, [新罕布什爾州], New Hampshire, US state
        
        Xīnxīng/xīnxīng, [新興], Xinxing county in Yunfu 雲浮|云浮[Yún fú], Guangdong/Xinxing or Hsinhsing district o...
        xīnyuè, new moon/crescent
稿         xīnwéngǎo, [新聞稿], press release
        xīndàlù, [新大陸], the New World/the Americas as opposed to the Old World 舊大陸|旧大陆[jiù dà lù] or Eur...
        xīnjū, new residence/new home
        
        Xīnsīkēshè, Nova Scotia province, Canada
        
        huābiānxīnwén, [花邊新聞], media gossip/sensational news
        
        
        xīnbǎn, new edition/new version
        Xīnjiào, Protestant church/Protestantism
        rìxīnyuèyì, [日新月異], daily renewal, monthly change (idiom)/every day sees new developments/rapid prog...
        xīnwénxué, [新聞學], journalism
        
        
        XīnHǎnbùshíěr, [新罕布什爾], New Hampshire, US state
        xǐxīnyànjiù, [喜新厭舊], lit. to like the new, and hate the old (idiom); fig. enamored with new people (e...
        
        
        
        xīnzhèng, new policy/New Deal (Roosevelt's 1933 policy to deal with the Great Depression)
        Xīnshēngdài/xīnshēngdài, Cenozoic (geological era covering the last 65m years), new generation
        
        xīnpài, new faction
        
        
        
        Xīnshíqì, Neolithic
        gēngxīnhuàndài, [更新換代], reform and renewal/generational change
        
        
        Xīndū, Xindu or Newtown district of Chengdu city 成都市[Chéng dū shì], Sichuan
        xīnbiān, [新編], to compile anew/new (version)/newly set up (part of an organization)
        xīnchūn, the beginning of Spring/the 10 or 20 days following the lunar New Year's Day
        
        Yǒngxīn, Yongxin county in Ji'an 吉安, Jiangxi
        
        tuīchénchūxīn, [推陳出新], to push out the old and bring in the new (idiom); to innovate
        xīnruì, [新銳], cutting-edge (in technology, science, fashion, the arts etc)/novel and competiti...
线         Xīngànxiàn, [新幹線], Shinkansen (Japanese high-speed train)
        xīnguānshàngrènsānbǎhuǒ, (of a newly appointed official) to make bold changes on assuming office (idiom)
        
        BābùyàXīnJǐnèiyà, [巴布亞新幾內亞], Papua New Guinea
        Xīnchéng, Xincheng or Hsincheng township in Hualien County 花蓮縣|花莲县[Huā lián Xiàn], east Ta...
        huǐguòzìxīn, [悔過自新], to repent and start afresh (idiom); to turn over a new leaf
        xīnzēng, newly added/additional/to add (to what already exists)
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        XīnNánWēiěrshì, [新南威爾士], New South Wales, southeast Australian state
        Xīnjǐng, Arai (Japanese surname)
        
        
        wéixīn, [維新], (political) reform/revitalization/modernization
        
        
        
西         
        Xīnfēndǎng, [新芬黨], Sinn Fein, Irish political party
        cùxīn, brand-new/spanking new
        
        Xīnān, Xin'an county in Luoyang 洛陽|洛阳, Henan
        
        
        
        wēngùzhīxīn, [溫故知新], to review the old and know the new (idiom, from the Analects)/to recall the past...
        
        Xīnhuáshè, [新華社], Xinhua News Agency
        
        Xīnjūn, [新軍], New Armies (modernized Qing armies, trained and equipped according to Western st...
        xīnfù, [新婦], bride/(dialect) daughter-in-law
        
        Xīnlàng, Sina, Chinese web portal and online media company
        Xīnlè, [新樂], Xinle county level city in Shijiazhuang 石家莊|石家庄[Shí jiā zhuāng], Hebei
        xīnzhī, new knowledge/new friend
        
        xīncūn, new housing development
        
        
        
        
        
        
        tǔgùnàxīn, [吐故納新], lit. to breathe out stale air and breathe in fresh (idiom, from Zhuangzi 庄子); fi...
        
宿         
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        yíngxīn, to see in the New Year/to welcome new guests/by extension, to receive new studen...
        
        
        
        
        
        
        wéixīnpài, [維新派], the reformist faction
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        chūxīn, to make new advances/to move forwards
        
        Xīnyíshì, Xinyi city in Xuzhou 徐州[Xú zhōu], Jiangsu
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        xīnyì, [新異], new and different/novelty
        Xīnzhuāng, [新莊], Xinzhuang or Hsinchuang city in New Taipei City 新北市[Xīn běi shì], Taiwan
        
        
        
        
        Xīnjiè, New Territories (in Hong Kong)
线         
绿         
        
        

        xīnwén, [新聞], news/CL:條|条[tiáo],個|个[gè]
        Wén/wén, [聞], surname Wen, to hear/news/well-known/famous/reputation/fame/to smell/to sniff at
        chǒuwén, [醜聞], scandal
        chuánwén, [傳聞], rumor
        wéndào, [聞到], to smell/to sniff sth out/to perceive by smelling
        fēiwén, [緋聞], sex scandal
        wénmíng, [聞名], well-known/famous/renowned/eminent
        nánwén, [難聞], unpleasant smell/stink
        xīnwénjiè, [新聞界], the press/the media
        xīnwénjìzhě, [新聞記者], journalist
        ěrwén, [耳聞], to hear of/to hear about
        
        mòmòwúwén, [默默無聞], obscure and unknown (idiom); an outsider without any reputation/a nobody/an unkn...
        bùwénbùwèn, [不聞不問], not to hear, not to question (idiom)/to show no interest in sth/uncritical/not i...
        hàiréntīngwén, [駭人聽聞], shocking/horrifying/atrocious/terrible
        xīnwénwǎng, [新聞網], news agency
        wénsuǒwèiwén, [聞所未聞], unheard of/an extremely rare and unprecedented event
        sǒngréntīngwén, [聳人聽聞], to sensationalize (idiom); deliberate exaggeration to scare people
        yàowén, [要聞], important news story/headline
        suǒjiànsuǒwén, [所見所聞], what one hears and sees (idiom)
        qíwén, [奇聞], anecdote/fantastic story
        qùwén, [趣聞], funny news item/interesting anecdote
稿         xīnwéngǎo, [新聞稿], press release
        chōngěrbùwén, [充耳不聞], to block one's ears and not listen (idiom); to turn a deaf ear
        zhìruòwǎngwén, [置若罔聞], to turn a deaf ear to (idiom); to pretend not to hear
        wénmíngyúshì, [聞名於世], world-famous
        jǔshìwénmíng, [舉世聞名], world-famous (idiom)
        huābiānxīnwén, [花邊新聞], media gossip/sensational news
        wénfēngsàngdǎn, [聞風喪膽], hear the wind and lose gall (idiom); terror-stricken at the news
        
        xīnwénxué, [新聞學], journalism
        jiǔwéndàmíng, [久聞大名], your name has been known to me for a long time (polite)
        jiùwén, [舊聞], old anecdote/stories passed on from former times
        gūlòuguǎwén, [孤陋寡聞], ignorant and inexperienced/ill-informed and narrow-minded
        
        wénmíngxiáěr, [聞名遐邇], to be famous far and wide (idiom)
        
        
        
        jiànwén, [見聞], what one has seen and heard/knowledge/one's experience
        qiánsuǒwèiwén, [前所未聞], unheard-of/unprecedented
        fēngwén, [風聞], to learn sth through hearsay/to get wind of sth
        wénxùn, [聞訊], to receive news (of)
        yìwén, [軼聞], anecdote/apocryphal story
        yìwén, [逸聞], variant of 軼聞|轶闻[yì wén]
        fùwén, [訃聞], obituary
        tīngérbùwén, [聽而不聞], to hear but not react (idiom); to turn a deaf ear/to ignore deliberately
        wénfēngérdòng, [聞風而動], to respond instantly/to act at once on hearing the news
        bǎiwénbùrúyījiàn, [百聞不如一見], seeing once is better than hearing a hundred times (idiom); seeing for oneself i...
        
        
        
        
        
        xǐwénlèjiàn, [喜聞樂見], to love to hear and see (idiom)/well received/to one's liking
        
        
        
        
广         
        
        
        
        ěrwénmùdǔ, [耳聞目睹], to witness personally
        zhēnwén, [珍聞], oddity/news tidbits/strange and interesting item

        bànfǎ, [辦法], means/method/way (of doing sth)/CL:條|条[tiáo],個|个[gè]
        zěnmebàn, [怎麼辦], what's to be done
        bàngōngshì, [辦公室], office/business premises/bureau/CL:間|间[jiān]
        bàn, [辦], to do/to manage/to handle/to go about/to run/to set up/to deal with
        jǔbàn, [舉辦], to conduct/to hold
        bànshì, [辦事], to handle (affairs)/to work
        bàndào, [辦到], to accomplish/to get sth done
        bànàn, [辦案], to handle a case
        bàngōng, [辦公], to handle official business/to work (esp. in an office)
        
        zhàobàn, [照辦], to follow the rules/to do as instructed/to play by the book/to comply with a req...
        chéngbàn, [承辦], to undertake/to accept a contract
        bànlǐ, [辦理], to handle/to transact/to conduct
        bànshìchù, [辦事處], office/agency
        chuàngbàn, [創辦], to establish/to found/to launch
        kāibàn, [開辦], to open/to start (a business etc)/to set up
        zhǔbàn, [主辦], to organize/to host (a conference or sports event)
        gōngshìgōngbàn, [公事公辦], to do things in a strictly businesslike manner (idiom)
        chóubàn, [籌辦], to arrange/to make preparations
        bàngōnglóu, [辦公樓], office building/CL:座[zuò],棟|栋[dòng]
        
        
        cāobàn, [操辦], to arrange matters
        bāobàn, [包辦], to undertake to do everything by oneself/to run the whole show
        zhìbàn, [置辦], to purchase/to buy
        
        
        chábàn, [查辦], to investigate and handle (a criminal case)
        
        bàngōngtīng, [辦公廳], general office
        
        
        
        chéngbàn, [懲辦], to punish (someone)/to take disciplinary action against (someone)
        bànbào, [辦報], to run a newspaper/to publish a newspaper
        gōngbàn, [公辦], state-run
        dàibàn, [代辦], to act for sb else/to act on sb's behalf/an agent/a diplomatic representative/a ...
        
        
        yīshǒubāobàn, [一手包辦], to take care of a matter all by oneself/to run the whole show
        wàibàn, [外辦], foreign affairs office
        
        
        
        
        xiébàn, [協辦], to assist/to help sb do sth/to cooperate in doing sth
        hébàn, [合辦], to cooperate/to do business together
        bāngbàn, [幫辦], assist in managing/deputy
        
        
        guānbàn, [官辦], government run/state enterprise
        
        xīngbàn, [興辦], to begin/to set in motion
        
        bànxué, [辦學], to run a school
        zhòngbàn, [重辦], to punish severely

        gōngsī, (business) company/company/firm/corporation/incorporated/CL:家[jiā]
        bàngōngshì, [辦公室], office/business premises/bureau/CL:間|间[jiān]
        gōngyù, apartment building/block of flats/CL:套[tào]
        gōngpíng, fair/impartial
        gōngyuán, [公園], park (for public recreation)/CL:個|个[gè],座[zuò]
        gōngzhǔ, princess
        lǎogōng/lǎogong, (coll.) husband, (coll.) eunuch/see also 老公[lǎo gōng]
        gōngkāi, [公開], public/to publish/to make public
        gōnglù, highway/road/CL:條|条[tiáo]
        gōngzhòng, [公眾], public
        gōnggòng, public/common/communal
        gōngmín, citizen
        gōngzhèng, just/fair/equitable
        gōnglǐ, kilometer
        gōng, public/collectively owned/common/international (e.g. high seas, metric system, c...
        gōngbù, [公佈], to announce/to make public/to publish
        gōngchē, [公車], bus/abbr. for 公共汽車|公共汽车[gōng gòng qì chē]/car belonging to an organization and u...
        gōngjué, duke/dukedom
        gōngzǐ, son of an official/son of nobility/your son (honorific)
        gōngshì, work-related matters/documents
        bàngōng, [辦公], to handle official business/to work (esp. in an office)
        gāosùgōnglù, expressway/highway/freeway
        gōngjīn, kilogram (kg)
        gōngguān, [公關], public relations
        gōngjiāo, public transportation/mass transit/abbr. for 公共交通[gōng gòng jiāo tōng]
        wàigōng, (coll.) mother's father/maternal grandfather
        gōngdào/gōngdao, justice/fairness/public highway, fair/equitable
        
        gōngniú, bull
        gōngwénbāo, briefcase/attaché case
        gōnglì, public (e.g. school, hospital)
        gōngwù, [公務], official business
        kāichéngbùgōng, [開誠佈公]/[開誠布公], variant of 開誠布公|开诚布公[kāi chéng bù gōng], lit. deal sincerely and fairly (idiom);...
        zhǔgōng, Your Highness/Your Majesty
        gōnggào, post/announcement
        zhǔréngōng, hero (of a novel or film)/main protagonist
        gōngwùyuán, [公務員], functionary/office-bearer
        lìxínggōngshì, routine business/usual practice/mere formality
        gōngmù, public cemetery
        gōngrán, openly/publicly/undisguised
        gōngjī, [公雞], cock/rooster
        
        gōngyuánqián, BCE (before the Common Era)/BC (before Christ)
        gōngkuǎn, public money
        gōngshì, formula
        gōngrèn, [公認], publicly known (to be)/accepted (as)
        bùgōng, unjust/unfair
        gōngsùrén, [公訴人], district attorney/public prosecutor/procurator
        gōngyòngdiànhuà, [公用電話], public phone/CL:部[bù]
        gōngsù, [公訴], public charges (law)
        gōngyì, public good/public welfare
        gōngkāisài, [公開賽], (sports) open championship/open (as in "the US Open")
        BáixuěGōngzhǔ, Snow White
        gōngyuán, CE (Common Era)/Christian Era/AD (Anno Domini)
        Léigōng, Lei Gong or Duke of Thunder, the God of Thunder in Chinese mythology
        yǒuxiàngōngsī, limited company/corporation
        gōngyùlóu, [公寓樓], apartment building/CL:座[zuò]
        gōnghuì, [公會], guild
        bǎihuògōngsī, [百貨公司], department store
        gōnggong, husband's father/grandpa/eunuch
        
        gōngyǎn, to perform (e.g. on the stage)/to lecture
        gōngshìgōngbàn, [公事公辦], to do things in a strictly businesslike manner (idiom)
        gōngwén, document
        gōngmínquán, [公民權], civil rights/citizenship rights
        gōngfēn, centimeter/gram
        gōngdí, [公敵], public enemy
        gōngsī, public and private (interests, initiative etc)
        gōngchǐ, meter (unit of length)
        gōngyuē, [公約], convention (i.e. international agreement)
        bàngōnglóu, [辦公樓], office building/CL:座[zuò],棟|栋[dòng]
        gōngcè, [公廁], public toilet
        púgōngyīng, dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum)
        zǐgōngsī, subsidiary company/subsidiary corporation
        Gōngguǎn/gōngguǎn, [公館], Gongguan or Kungkuan township in Miaoli county 苗栗縣|苗栗县[Miáo lì xiàn], northwest ...
        gōngpú, [公僕], public servant/CL:個|个[gè],位[wèi]
        gōngyòng, public/for public use
        gōngzhèng, [公證], notarization/notarized/acknowledgement
        gōngwù, public property
        zǒnggōngsī, [總公司], parent company/head office
        fēngōngsī, subsidiary company/branch office
        gōngshè, [公設], postulate (math.)/public facilities (abbr. for 公共設施|公共设施[gōng gòng shè shī])
        chōnggōng, to confiscate
        gōngān, (Ministry of) Public Security/public safety/public security
        gōngzhí, [公職], civil service/public office/government job
        gōnghǎi, high sea/international waters
        gōngshēng, liter
        kuàguógōngsī, [跨國公司], transnational corporation/multinational corporation
        gōngbào, [公報], announcement/bulletin/communique
        gōngpíngjiāoyì, fair dealing
        gōngzhūyúshì, [公諸於世], to announce to the world (idiom)/to make public/to let everyone know
        gōnggàn, [公幹], public business/official work
        
        gōngzhèngrén, [公證人], notary/actuary
        gōngyìng, public screening (of a movie)
        gōngfèi, [公費], at public expense
        mǔgōngsī, parent company
        gōngshè, commune
        
        gōngyǒu, publicly owned/communal/held in common
        
        lǎogōnggong, old man/husband's father/father-in-law/court eunuch
        gōnghài, public hazard, nuisance
        gōngzhài, [公債], government bond
        gōngzǐgēr, [公子哥兒], pampered son of a wealthy family
        gōngjiā, the public/the state/society/the public purse
        gōnglǐ, axiom (in logic)/axiomatic
        gōngqǐng, [公頃], hectare
        gōngshěn, [公審], public trial (in a court of law)
        wánggōng, princes and dukes/aristocrat
        gǔfèngōngsī, joint-stock company
簿         duìbùgōngtáng, [對簿公堂], public courtroom accusation (idiom)/legal confrontation/to take sb to court/to s...
        
        gōngshǔ, government office
        gōngkāihuà, [公開化], to publicize/openness (of government, PRC equivalent of "glasnost")
        gōngzhì, metric system
        gōngyì, [公義], righteousness
        gōngtáng, law court/hall (in castle)/CL:家[jiā]
        
        gōngzhuàn, [公轉], orbital revolution
        
        gōngpó, husband's parents/parents-in-law
        gōngfèn, [公憤], public anger/popular indignation
        píbāogōngsī, lit. briefcase company/dummy corporation/shell company/fly-by-night company
        bàngōngtīng, [辦公廳], general office
        
        HǎidéGōngyuán, [海德公園], Hyde Park
        tiěgōngjī, [鐵公雞], cheapskate/stingy person
        gōngxiū, public holiday/official leave (e.g. sabbatical)
        gōngguó, [公國], duchy/dukedom/principality
        MéigōngHé, Mekong River
        fènggōngshǒufǎ, to carry out official duties and observe the law
        
        gōngxìnlì, public trust/credibility
        
        gōngyǔn, equitable/fair
        
        píngfānggōnglǐ, square kilometer
        gōngchā/gōngchāi, tolerance (allowed error)/common difference (of an arithmetic series), official ...
        gōngfáng, public housing/dormitory, esp. for unmarried people
        Gōngānbù, Ministry of Public Security
        
        Zhōugōng, Duke of Zhou (11th c. BC), son of King Wen of Zhou 周文王[Zhōu Wén wáng], played an...
        gōngsīfǎ, corporations law
        
        bǐnggōng, justly/impartially
        gōngānjú, public security bureau (government office similar in function to a police statio...
        gōngkāixìn, [公開信], open letter
        gōngbàn, [公辦], state-run
        gōngduàn, [公斷], arbitration (law)
        
        
        jiǎgōngjìsī, [假公濟私], official authority used for private interests (idiom); to attain private ends by...
        dàgōngwúsī, [大公無私], selfless/impartial
        
        gōnglùn, [公論], public opinion
        
        gōngdé, public ethics/social morality
        gōngbùlán, [公佈欄], bulletin board
        tàigōng, great-grandfather/(old) grandfather/father
        
        
        tóngyègōnghuì, [同業公會], trade association
        
        
        Guāngōng, [關公], Lord Guan (i.e. 關羽|关羽[Guān Yǔ])
        gōngshìhuà, to formalize/formalism in art (esp. as proscribed in USSR and PRC)
        shūgōng, great uncle/grandfather's younger brother/husband's father's younger brother
        
        yúgōngyíshān, the old man moves mountains (idiom); fig. where there's a will, there's a way
        tiāngōng, heaven/lord of heaven
        
        bàngōngkāi, [半公開], semiovert/more or less open
使         gōngshǐ, minister/diplomat performing ambassadorial role in Qing times, before regular di...
        gōngkè, gram
        gōngjià, official leave from work (e.g. maternity leave, sick leave or leave to attend to...
        gōnglì, [公曆], Gregorian calendar/solar calendar
        gōngpàn, public opinion/public announcement of verdict at a trial
        
        
        
        rénmíngōngshè, people's commune
        ēngōng, benefactor
        
        
        
        
        gōngyíng, [公營], public/publicly (owned, financed, operated etc)/run by the state
        
        
        
        
        
        
        gōnghán, official letter
        gōnglí, [公釐], millimeter
        
        
        
        xiànggong, lord/master/young gentleman/male prostitute/catamite/mahjong player disqualified...
        
        

        bàngōngshì, [辦公室], office/business premises/bureau/CL:間|间[jiān]
        Shì/shì, surname Shi, room/work unit/grave/scabbard/family or clan/one of the 28 constell...
        shíyànshì, [實驗室], laboratory/CL:間|间[jiān]
        wòshì, [臥室], bedroom/CL:間|间[jiān]
        dìxiàshì, basement/cellar
        yùshì, bathroom (room used for bathing)/CL:間|间[jiān]
        shìyǒu, roommate
        gōngzuòshì, studio/workshop
        huìyìshì, [會議室], meeting room/conference room
        jiàoshì, classroom/CL:間|间[jiān]
        
        jízhěnshì, [急診室], emergency room
        
        gēngyīshì, change room/dressing room/locker room/toilet
        xiūxīshì, lobby/lounge
        yǎnbōshì, broadcasting studio
        chǔcángshì, [儲藏室], storeroom/CL:間|间[jiān]
        huángshì, royal family/imperial household/member of the royal family
        shìnèi, [室內], indoor
        mìshì, a room for keeping sth hidden/secret room/hidden chamber
        kòngzhìshì, control room
        yīwùshì, [醫務室], infirmary/sick bay/CL:個|个[gè]
        qǐjūshì, living room/sitting room
        qǐnshì, [寢室], bedroom/dormitory/CL:間|间[jiān]
        
        wēnshì, [溫室], greenhouse
        shìwài, outdoor
        wángshì, royal family/royal household
        
        
        guànxǐshì, toilet/washroom/bathroom/lavatory/CL:間|间[jiān]
        xīnshì, ventricle (heart)
        hòuzhěnshì, [候診室], waiting room (at clinic, hospital)
        shōufāshì, [收發室], mail room/radio room (i.e. reception and transmission)
        
        
        jiāshì, wife/family/(literary) residence
        zhěnshì, [診室], consulting room
        
        
        
        
        chénlièshì, [陳列室], display room
        shìwēn, [室溫], room temperature
        fàngyìngshì, cinema room/viewing room
        
        
        
        
        
        huàzhuāngshì, [化妝室], dressing room/powder room/(Tw) toilets
        huìkèshì, [會客室], parlor
        
        
        
        ànshì, darkroom
        
        huàshì, [畫室], artist's studio/atelier
        
        
        jūshì, room/apartment
        
        
        
        
        
        nǎoshì, [腦室], ventricles of the brain
        
        jiēdàishì, reception room
        
        kēshì, department/administrative division/unit (e.g. intensive care unit)
        jiàoyánshì, teaching and research section
        yuèlǎnshì, [閱覽室], reading room/CL:間|间[jiān]
        qīshì, wife
        
        
        
        Shìnǚ, unmarried lady/virgin/Virgo (star sign)
        dēngtángrùshì, from the main room, enter the inner chamber (idiom)/to go to the next level/to a...
        
        hòuchēshì, [候車室], waiting room (for train, bus etc)
        
        
广         guǎngbōshì, [廣播室], broadcasting room
        chuándáshì, [傳達室], reception office/janitor's office
        fángshì, room
        dǒushì, very small room/tiny, cramped space
        
        
        
        
        nèishì, [內室], inner room/bedroom
        
        
        xīyānshì, [吸煙室], smoking room
        
        
        
        jìshì, [繼室], second wife (of a widower)
        
        zhǎnshì, exhibition room
        
        
        
        
        
        shìnèiyuè, [室內樂], chamber music
        
        
        
        tóngshìcāogē, wielding the halberd within the household (idiom); internecine strife
        cèshì, [側室], sideroom/concubine

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